The impact of COVID-19 on hay fever treatment in Japan: A retrospective cohort study based on the Japanese claims database

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q2 ALLERGY Clinical and Translational Allergy Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1002/clt2.12394

Yasutsugu Akasaki, Takenori Inomata, Masao Iwagami, Jaemyoung Sung, Ken Nagino, Takeya Adachi, Hideaki Morita, Mayumi Tamari, Keigo Kainuma, Keiko Kan-o, Hiroaki Ogata, Masafumi Sakashita, Masaki Futamura, Yosuke Kurashima, Saeko Nakajima, Katsunori Masaki, Yasushi Ogawa, Sakura Sato, Akihiro Miyagawa, Akie Midorikawa-Inomata, Keiichi Fujimoto, Yuichi Okumura, Kenta Fujio, Tianxiang Huang, Kunihiko Hirosawa, Yuki Morooka, Akira Murakami, Shintaro Nakao

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Abstract

Background

Hay fever (HF) presents with various symptoms, including allergic conjunctivitis and rhinitis, and requires cross-organ treatment. This study assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on HF treatment trends.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the JMDC database collected between January 2018 and May 2021. Patients with HF were identified based on the relevant International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision diagnosis codes and the prescription of HF-related medications. The treatment approaches were compared during the cedar and cypress pollen allergy season (January to May in Japan) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2018 and 2019, and 2020 and 2021, respectively).

Results

This study included 2,598,178 patients with HF. The numbers of prescribed HF-related claims in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 were 3,332,854, 3,534,198, 2,774,380, and 2,786,681 times, respectively. Oral second-generation antihistamine prescriptions decreased by >10% from 2019 to 2020, with a <10% change in the subsequent year. Anti-allergic eye drop prescriptions also decreased by >10% from 2019 to 2020 but increased by >10% from 2020 to 2021. Compared with 2018, 2019, and 2020, the number of claims in the rhinitis symptoms dominant group was significantly decreased in 2021 (p < 0.001, all). In contrast, the number of claims in the eye symptoms dominant group and the rhinitis and eye symptoms dominant group increased in 2021 compared with that in 2018, 2019, and 2020 (p < 0.001, all).

Conclusion

Changes in HF treatment and related outcomes could be attributed to lifestyle modifications resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Measures, such as limiting outdoor activities and adopting mask-wearing practices may have influenced HF symptoms, preventive behaviors, and the overall approach to treating HF.

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COVID-19 对日本花粉症治疗的影响：基于日本索赔数据库的回顾性队列研究

背景花粉热（HF）表现出各种症状，包括过敏性结膜炎和鼻炎，需要跨器官治疗。本研究评估了冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）大流行对花粉热治疗趋势的影响。方法这项回顾性队列研究利用了 JMDC 数据库在 2018 年 1 月至 2021 年 5 月期间收集的数据。根据相关的《国际疾病分类》第十版诊断代码和心房颤动相关药物处方确定心房颤动患者。在 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间（分别为 2018 年和 2019 年以及 2020 年和 2021 年）的杉树和柏树花粉过敏季节（日本的 1 月至 5 月）对治疗方法进行了比较。结果本研究纳入了 2,598,178 名高血压患者。2018年、2019年、2020年和2021年与HF相关的处方报销次数分别为3,332,854次、3,534,198次、2,774,380次和2,786,681次。2019年至2020年，口服第二代抗组胺药处方量减少了<10%，随后一年的变化幅度为<10%。抗过敏眼药水处方量从2019年到2020年也减少了>10%，但从2020年到2021年增加了>10%。与 2018 年、2019 年和 2020 年相比，鼻炎症状优势组的索赔数量在 2021 年显著减少（p <0.001，全部）。相反，与 2018 年、2019 年和 2020 年相比，2021 年眼部症状为主组和鼻炎及眼部症状为主组的索赔数量有所增加（均为 p <0.001）。结论高频治疗和相关结果的变化可归因于 COVID-19 大流行导致的生活方式改变。限制户外活动和戴口罩等措施可能对高血压症状、预防行为和治疗高血压的整体方法产生了影响。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Translational Allergy Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

4.50%

发文量

117

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Translational Allergy, one of several journals in the portfolio of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, provides a platform for the dissemination of allergy research and reviews, as well as EAACI position papers, task force reports and guidelines, amongst an international scientific audience. Clinical and Translational Allergy accepts clinical and translational research in the following areas and other related topics: asthma, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, drug hypersensitivity, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic skin diseases, atopic eczema, urticaria, angioedema, venom hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, food allergy, immunotherapy, immune modulators and biologics, animal models of allergic disease, immune mechanisms, or any other topic related to allergic disease.