Ephrasia A. Hugho, Blandina T. Mmbaga, Abdul-Hamid S. Lukambagire, Grace D. Kinabo, Kate M. Thomas, Happiness H. Kumburu, Tine Hald
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Salmonella is among the causative agents for diarrhea worldwide, but its risk factors in Tanzanian children are poorly understood. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Moshi, Kilimanjaro region, from July 2020 to November 2022 among children under five admitted with diarrhea. A questionnaire was administered to all parents/caretakers of the enrolled children. Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the risk factors, with significance at p < 0.05. A total of 306 children were enrolled in the study. The median age was 13.8 months (IQR 8.4–21.8). The majority (58.5%) were males, and 59.5% were from rural areas. Salmonella was identified in eight (2.6%) stool samples, with a higher prevalence in urban than rural areas (4.8% vs. 1.1%; p-value = 0.044). The significant risk factors associated with Salmonella infection among the children included consuming raw milk (adjusted OR = 30.19; 95% CI: 3.94–231.46), using infant formula (adjusted OR = 15.78; 95% CI: 2.98–83.56), undisclosed household income (adjusted OR = 9.98; 95% CI: 2.46–40.12), purchasing eggs direct from the farms (adjusted OR = 7.58; 95%CI: 1.31–43.96), and contact with chickens (adjusted OR = 6.49; 95%CI: 1.25–33.59). These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve food safety, hygiene practices, and socioeconomic conditions.
期刊介绍:
Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817) publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes on all aspects of pathogens and pathogen-host interactions. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided for research articles.