Exploring the Relationship Between Somatisation, Facial Pain and Psychological Distress in East Asian Temporomandibular Disorder Patients

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Journal of oral rehabilitation Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1111/joor.13857

Adrian Ujin Yap, Sunghae Kim, Jung Hwan Jo, Byeong-min Lee, Ji Woon Park

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Abstract

Objectives

The relationship of somatisation with facial pain duration/intensity, pain-related interference/disability and psychological distress was investigated in East Asian temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients. Correlations between somatisation, facial pain and psychological characteristics were also explored alongside the demographic/physical factors associated with moderate-to-severe depression and anxiety.

Methods

Anonymised data were acquired from records of consecutive ‘first-time’ patients seeking TMD care at a tertiary oral medicine clinic. Axis I physical TMD diagnoses were established utilising the diagnostic criteria for TMDs (DC/TMD) protocol and patients with TMD pain were stratified into those with pain-related (PT) and combined (CT) conditions. Axis II measures administered encompassed the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7). Individuals with PT and CT were further categorised into those without (Pain − Som/Comb − Som) and with somatisation (Pain + Som/Comb + Som). Statistical evaluations were performed with nonparametric and logistic regression analyses (α = 0.05).

Results

The final sample comprised 473 patients (mean age 36.2 ± 14.8 years; 68.9% women), of which 52.0% had concomitant somatisation. Significant differences in pain duration (Comb + Som > Pain − Som), pain-related interference/disability (Comb + Som > Comb − Som) and depression/anxiety (Pain + Som, Comb + Som > Pain − Som, Comb − Som) were discerned. Depression/anxiety was moderately correlated with somatisation (r_s = 0.64/0.52) but not facial pain characteristics. Multivariate modelling revealed that somatisation was significantly associated with the prospects of moderate-to-severe depression (OR 1.35) and anxiety (OR 1.24).

Conclusion

Somatisation exhibited a strong association with psychological distress when contrasted with facial pain in East Asian TMD patients.

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探索东亚颞下颌关节紊乱病患者躯体化、面部疼痛和心理压力之间的关系

目的研究东亚颞下颌关节紊乱症（TMD）患者的躯体化与面部疼痛持续时间/强度、疼痛相关干扰/残疾和心理困扰之间的关系。研究还探讨了躯体化、面部疼痛和心理特征之间的相关性，以及与中度至重度抑郁和焦虑相关的人口学/物理学因素。方法：研究人员从一家三级口腔医学诊所连续就诊的 "首次 "TMD 患者记录中获取了匿名数据。根据 TMDs 诊断标准（DC/TMD）协议确定了轴 I 物理 TMD 诊断，并将有 TMD 疼痛的患者分为疼痛相关（PT）和合并（CT）两种情况。进行的轴 II 测量包括患者健康问卷-15 (PHQ-15)、慢性疼痛分级量表 (GCPS)、患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9) 和一般焦虑症量表-7 (GAD-7)。有 PT 和 CT 的患者被进一步分为无躯体化（疼痛 - 躯体化/躯体化 - 躯体化）和有躯体化（疼痛 + 躯体化/躯体化 + 躯体化）两类。结果最终样本包括 473 名患者（平均年龄为 36.2 ± 14.8 岁；68.9% 为女性），其中 52.0% 伴有躯体化。在疼痛持续时间（Comb + Som > Pain - Som）、疼痛相关干扰/残疾（Comb + Som > Comb - Som）和抑郁/焦虑（Pain + Som, Comb + Som > Pain - Som, Comb - Som）方面存在显著差异。抑郁/焦虑与躯体化（rs = 0.64/0.52）呈中度相关，但与面部疼痛特征无关。多变量模型显示，躯体化与中度至重度抑郁（OR 1.35）和焦虑（OR 1.24）显著相关。

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来源期刊

Journal of oral rehabilitation 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

10.30%

发文量

116

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Oral Rehabilitation aims to be the most prestigious journal of dental research within all aspects of oral rehabilitation and applied oral physiology. It covers all diagnostic and clinical management aspects necessary to re-establish a subjective and objective harmonious oral function. Oral rehabilitation may become necessary as a result of developmental or acquired disturbances in the orofacial region, orofacial traumas, or a variety of dental and oral diseases (primarily dental caries and periodontal diseases) and orofacial pain conditions. As such, oral rehabilitation in the twenty-first century is a matter of skilful diagnosis and minimal, appropriate intervention, the nature of which is intimately linked to a profound knowledge of oral physiology, oral biology, and dental and oral pathology. The scientific content of the journal therefore strives to reflect the best of evidence-based clinical dentistry. Modern clinical management should be based on solid scientific evidence gathered about diagnostic procedures and the properties and efficacy of the chosen intervention (e.g. material science, biological, toxicological, pharmacological or psychological aspects). The content of the journal also reflects documentation of the possible side-effects of rehabilitation, and includes prognostic perspectives of the treatment modalities chosen.