The 70 years since the discovery of rapid eye movement sleep: history, electroencephalographic features and unsolved issues

IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Journal of Sleep Research Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1111/jsr.14342
Liborio Parrino, Francesco Rausa, Giulia Balella, Dario Bottignole, Ivana Rosenzweig, Carlotta Mutti
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Abstract

SummaryThis article aims at providing a comprehensive review of the historical discovery and following research on rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, highlighting its manifold nature as a behavioural, electrophysiological and dreaming state. Pioneering works conducted by Aserinsky, Kleitman, Dement and Jouvet established the foundational understanding of REM sleep recurrence, brainstem mechanisms, and the paradoxical coexistence of electroencephalographic activation and muscle atonia. We focus on REM sleep homeostasis, emphasising its role in emotional recovery and the consequences of REM deprivation, such as the REM rebound effect. We also analyse the periodicity of REM sleep, its ultradian rhythm, and the physiological mechanisms underlying its regulation. Additionally, the article discusses the entangled relationship between arousals, sleep, and consciousness, pointing out the distinction between non‐REM and REM sleep‐related arousals, and the similarities between REM sleep and wakefulness.
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快速眼动睡眠发现 70 周年:历史、脑电图特征和悬而未决的问题
摘要 本文旨在全面回顾快速眼动睡眠(REM)的历史发现和后续研究,强调其作为一种行为、电生理和做梦状态的多重性质。阿塞林斯基(Aserinsky)、克莱特曼(Kleitman)、德门特(Dement)和茹维特(Jouvet)的开创性工作为快速眼动睡眠的复发、脑干机制以及脑电激活与肌肉失张力的矛盾共存奠定了基础。我们将重点放在快速动眼期睡眠平衡上,强调其在情绪恢复中的作用以及快速动眼期剥夺的后果,如快速动眼期反弹效应。我们还分析了快速动眼期睡眠的周期性、其超昼夜节律及其调节的生理机制。此外,文章还讨论了唤醒、睡眠和意识之间的纠缠关系,指出了非快速眼动睡眠和快速眼动睡眠相关唤醒之间的区别,以及快速眼动睡眠和清醒之间的相似之处。
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来源期刊
Journal of Sleep Research
Journal of Sleep Research 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
9.00
自引率
6.80%
发文量
234
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Sleep Research is dedicated to basic and clinical sleep research. The Journal publishes original research papers and invited reviews in all areas of sleep research (including biological rhythms). The Journal aims to promote the exchange of ideas between basic and clinical sleep researchers coming from a wide range of backgrounds and disciplines. The Journal will achieve this by publishing papers which use multidisciplinary and novel approaches to answer important questions about sleep, as well as its disorders and the treatment thereof.
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