Mechanisms of hepatic and renal injury in lipid metabolism disorders in metabolic syndrome

IF 8.2 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY International Journal of Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.7150/ijbs.100394
Jin Rong, Zixuan Zhang, Xiaoyu Peng, Ping Li, Tingting Zhao, Yifei Zhong
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Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities that identifies people at risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. MetS is characterized by lipid disorders, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are thought to be the common hepatic and renal manifestations of MetS following abnormal lipid metabolism. This paper reviews the molecular mechanisms of lipid deposition in NAFLD and DKD, highlighting the commonalities and differences in lipid metabolic pathways in NAFLD and DKD. Hepatic and renal steatosis is the result of lipid acquisition exceeding lipid processing, i.e., fatty acid uptake and lipid regeneration exceed fatty acid oxidation and export. This process is directly regulated by the interactions of nuclear receptors, transporter proteins and transcription factors, whereas pathways such as oxidative stress, autophagy, cellular pyroptosis and gut flora are also key regulatory hubs for lipid metabolic homeostasis but act slightly differently in the liver and kidney. Such insights based on liver-kidney similarities and differences offer potential options for improved treatment.
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代谢综合征脂质代谢紊乱导致肝肾损伤的机制
代谢综合征(MetS)是一组代谢异常,可识别出糖尿病和心血管疾病的高危人群。代谢综合征以血脂紊乱为特征,非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)和糖尿病肾病(DKD)被认为是代谢综合征在血脂代谢异常后常见的肝脏和肾脏表现。本文回顾了非酒精性脂肪性肝病和糖尿病肾病脂质沉积的分子机制,强调了非酒精性脂肪性肝病和糖尿病肾病脂质代谢途径的共性和差异。肝脏和肾脏脂肪变性是脂质获取超过脂质加工的结果,即脂肪酸摄取和脂质再生超过脂肪酸氧化和输出。这一过程由核受体、转运蛋白和转录因子的相互作用直接调控,而氧化应激、自噬、细胞热解和肠道菌群等途径也是脂质代谢平衡的关键调控枢纽,但在肝脏和肾脏中的作用略有不同。这些基于肝肾异同的见解为改善治疗提供了潜在的选择。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Biological Sciences
International Journal of Biological Sciences 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
16.90
自引率
1.10%
发文量
413
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Biological Sciences is a peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal published by Ivyspring International Publisher. It dedicates itself to publishing original articles, reviews, and short research communications across all domains of biological sciences.
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