EMS-induced missense mutation in TaCHLI-7D affects leaf color and yield-related traits in wheat

IF 4.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Theoretical and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI:10.1007/s00122-024-04740-8

Zixu Wang, Huiyuan Xu, Faxiang Wang, Lingling Sun, Xiangrui Meng, Zhuochun Li, Chang Xie, Huijiao Jiang, Guangshuo Ding, Xinrong Hu, Yuhang Gao, Ran Qin, Chunhua Zhao, Han Sun, Fa Cui, Yongzhen Wu

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Key message

Mutations in TaCHLI impact chlorophyll levels and yield-related traits in wheat. Natural variations in TaCHLI-7A/B influence plant productivity, offering potential for molecular breeding.

Abstract

Chlorophyll is essential for plant growth and productivity. The CHLI subunit of the magnesium chelatase protein plays a key role inserting magnesium into protoporphyrin IX during chlorophyll biosynthesis. Here, we identify a novel wheat mutant chlorophyll (chl) that exhibits yellow-green leaves, reduced chlorophyll levels, and increased carotenoid content, leading to an overall decline in yield-related traits. Map-based cloning reveals that the chl phenotype is caused by a point mutation (Asp186Asn) in the TaCHLI-7D gene, which encodes subunit I of magnesium chelatase. Furthermore, the three TaCHLI mutants: chl-7b-1 (Pro82Ser), chl-7b-2 (Ala291Thr), and chl-7d-1 (Gly357Glu), also showed significant reductions in chlorophyll content and yield-related traits. However, TaCHLI-7D overexpression in rice significantly decreased thousand kernel weight, yield per plant, and germination. Additionally, natural variations in TaCHLI-7A/B are significantly associated with flag leaf, spike exsertion length, and yield per plant. Notably, the favorable haplotype, TaCHLI-7B-HapII, which displayed higher thousand kernel weight and yield per plant, is positively selected in wheat breeding. Our study provides insights on the regulatory molecular mechanisms underpinning leaf color and chlorophyll biosynthesis, and highlights TaCHLI functions, which provide useful molecular markers and genetic resources for wheat breeding.

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EMS 诱导的 TaCHLI-7D 错义突变会影响小麦的叶色和产量相关性状

关键信息TaCHLI的突变影响小麦的叶绿素水平和产量相关性状。TaCHLI-7A/B的自然变异影响植物的产量，为分子育种提供了潜力。摘要叶绿素对植物的生长和产量至关重要。镁螯合酶蛋白的 CHLI 亚基在叶绿素的生物合成过程中起着将镁插入原卟啉 IX 的关键作用。在这里，我们发现了一种新的小麦叶绿素突变体（chl），该突变体叶片呈黄绿色，叶绿素含量降低，类胡萝卜素含量增加，导致产量相关性状整体下降。基于图谱的克隆发现，chl 表型是由编码镁螯合酶 I 亚基的 TaCHLI-7D 基因中的一个点突变（Asp186Asn）引起的。此外，三个 TaCHLI 突变体：chl-7b-1（Pro82Ser）、chl-7b-2（Ala291Thr）和 chl-7d-1（Gly357Glu）也显示出叶绿素含量和产量相关性状的显著降低。然而，TaCHLI-7D 在水稻中的过表达会显著降低千粒重、单株产量和发芽率。此外，TaCHLI-7A/B 的自然变异与旗叶、穗膨大长度和单株产量显著相关。值得注意的是，有利的单倍型 TaCHLI-7B-HapII 显示出更高的千粒重和单株产量，在小麦育种中被积极选择。我们的研究揭示了叶色和叶绿素生物合成的分子调控机制，突出了 TaCHLI 的功能，为小麦育种提供了有用的分子标记和遗传资源。

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来源期刊

Theoretical and Applied Genetics 生物-农艺学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

7.40%

发文量

241

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： Theoretical and Applied Genetics publishes original research and review articles in all key areas of modern plant genetics, plant genomics and plant biotechnology. All work needs to have a clear genetic component and significant impact on plant breeding. Theoretical considerations are only accepted in combination with new experimental data and/or if they indicate a relevant application in plant genetics or breeding. Emphasizing the practical, the journal focuses on research into leading crop plants and articles presenting innovative approaches.