Recrystallization in Welded Joints of Steamers During Long-Term Operation

IF 0.7 4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Strength of Materials Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1007/s11223-024-00667-z
V. V. Dmytryk, O. I. Balytskyi, I. V. Kasyanenko, A. V. Glushko, Yu. M. Latynin
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Abstract

It has been established that due to the peculiarities of the recrystallization process, the structure of welded joints of steam lines made of heat-resistant pearlite steels 15Kh1M1F and 12Kh1MF under creep conditions of more than 270 thousand hours undergoes recovery processes. The process of resting with an increasing service life of welded joints accelerates after their service life exceeds 270 thousand hours and begins to transition to recrystallization. During the recrystallization process, individual grain boundaries gradually crumble, which leads to an increase in their size and a change in shape. The speed of recrystallization processes in welded joints’ heat-affected zone (HAZ) differs significantly. The recrystallization processes in the heat-affected zone areas’ structure are more intense compared to the base metal of welded joints that have not been exposed to welding heat. When a common boundary between two contacting grains is crumbled, a single grain is formed, eventually acquiring the same crystallographic orientation. In the area of overheating of the zone of thermal influence of welded joints made of 12Kh1MF steel, the average initial grain size corresponded to the 9th point (DSTU 8972:2019). After 280 thousand hours of operation (about 40 years), it is the 7th. Such processes are accompanied by a decrease in the density of dislocations in a-phase grains and along their boundaries, which does not significantly affect the decrease in mechanical properties. The dependence of the recrystallization on the self-diffusion of alloying elements, the distribution of dislocations in the grains of the a-phase, and the coagulating carbides was established. In this case, the recrystallization process results in a decrease in the mechanical properties of welded joints. Recrystallization in incomplete recrystallization, overheating, and fusion of the filler material is more intense than in the weld metal and the base metal of the welded joints. Recrystallization contributes to damage to welded joints by creep and fatigue mechanisms.

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蒸汽船焊接接头在长期运行过程中的再结晶现象
已经证实,由于再结晶过程的特殊性,在蠕变条件下超过 27 万小时的蒸汽管线中,由耐热珠光体钢 15Kh1M1F 和 12Kh1MF 制成的焊接接头结构会经历恢复过程。随着焊接接头使用寿命的增加,其恢复过程在使用寿命超过 27 万小时后会加速,并开始向再结晶过渡。在再结晶过程中,单个晶界逐渐破碎,导致晶界尺寸增大,形状发生变化。焊接接头热影响区(HAZ)中再结晶过程的速度差别很大。与未受焊接热影响的焊点母材相比,热影响区结构中的再结晶过程更为剧烈。当两个接触晶粒之间的共同边界破碎时,就会形成单个晶粒,最终获得相同的结晶取向。在 12Kh1MF 钢焊接接头热影响区的过热区域,平均初始晶粒大小相当于第 9 点(DSTU 8972:2019)。在运行 28 万小时(约 40 年)后,则为第 7 点。伴随着这些过程,a 相晶粒中的位错密度以及沿晶粒边界的位错密度都会降低,但这并不会显著影响机械性能的下降。再结晶与合金元素的自扩散、位错在 a 相晶粒中的分布以及凝固碳化物的关系已经确定。在这种情况下,再结晶过程会导致焊接接头的机械性能下降。与焊接接头的焊缝金属和母材相比,填充材料在不完全再结晶、过热和熔合过程中的再结晶更为强烈。再结晶通过蠕变和疲劳机制导致焊接接头损坏。
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来源期刊
Strength of Materials
Strength of Materials MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING-
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
14.30%
发文量
89
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Strength of Materials focuses on the strength of materials and structural components subjected to different types of force and thermal loadings, the limiting strength criteria of structures, and the theory of strength of structures. Consideration is given to actual operating conditions, problems of crack resistance and theories of failure, the theory of oscillations of real mechanical systems, and calculations of the stress-strain state of structural components.
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