Single-cell RNA sequencing to map tumor heterogeneity in gastric carcinogenesis paving roads to individualized therapy

IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1007/s00262-024-03820-4
Jiao Xu, Bixin Yu, Fan Wang, Jin Yang
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Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous disease with a complex tumor microenvironment (TME) that encompasses multiple cell types including cancer cells, immune cells, stromal cells, and so on. Cancer-associated cells could remodel the TME and influence the progression of GC and therapeutic response. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), as an emerging technology, has provided unprecedented insights into the complicated biological composition and characteristics of TME at the molecular, cellular, and immunological resolutions, offering a new idea for GC studies. In this review, we discuss the novel findings from scRNA-seq datasets revealing the origin and evolution of GC, and scRNA-seq is a powerful tool for investigating transcriptional dynamics and intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) in GC. Meanwhile, we demonstrate that the vital immune cells within TME, including T cells, B cells, macrophages, and stromal cells, play an important role in the disease progression. Additionally, we also overview that how scRNA-seq facilitates our understanding about the effects on individualized therapy of GC patients. Spatial transcriptomes (ST) have been designed to determine spatial distribution and capture local intercellular communication networks, enabling a further understanding of the relationship between the spatial background of a particular cell and its functions. In summary, scRNA-seq and other single-cell technologies provide a valuable perspective for molecular and pathological disease characteristics and hold promise for advancing basic research and clinical practice in GC.

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用单细胞 RNA 测序绘制胃癌发生过程中的肿瘤异质性图谱,为个体化治疗铺平道路
胃癌(GC)是一种高度异质性疾病,其肿瘤微环境(TME)十分复杂,包括癌细胞、免疫细胞、基质细胞等多种细胞类型。癌症相关细胞可重塑肿瘤微环境,并影响癌症的进展和治疗反应。单细胞 RNA 测序(scRNA-seq)作为一种新兴技术,从分子、细胞和免疫学的角度为 TME 复杂的生物组成和特征提供了前所未有的见解,为 GC 研究提供了一种新思路。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了 scRNA-seq 数据集揭示 GC 起源和进化的新发现,scRNA-seq 是研究 GC 转录动态和肿瘤内异质性(ITH)的有力工具。同时,我们证明了TME内的重要免疫细胞,包括T细胞、B细胞、巨噬细胞和基质细胞,在疾病进展中发挥着重要作用。此外,我们还概述了 scRNA-seq 如何促进我们对 GC 患者个体化治疗效果的理解。空间转录组(ST)旨在确定空间分布并捕捉局部细胞间通讯网络,从而进一步了解特定细胞的空间背景与其功能之间的关系。总之,scRNA-seq 和其他单细胞技术为了解疾病的分子和病理特征提供了宝贵的视角,有望推动 GC 的基础研究和临床实践。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
1.70%
发文量
207
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy has the basic aim of keeping readers informed of the latest research results in the fields of oncology and immunology. As knowledge expands, the scope of the journal has broadened to include more of the progress being made in the areas of biology concerned with biological response modifiers. This helps keep readers up to date on the latest advances in our understanding of tumor-host interactions. The journal publishes short editorials including "position papers," general reviews, original articles, and short communications, providing a forum for the most current experimental and clinical advances in tumor immunology.
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