Horizontal gene transfer from chloroplast to mitochondria of seagrasses in the yellow–Bohai seas

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110940

Yushun Yong , Shunxin Hu , Mingyu Zhong , Yun Wen , Yue Zhou , Ruixue Ma , Xiangyang Jiang , Quansheng Zhang

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Abstract

Seagrasses are ideal for studying plant adaptation to marine environments. In this study, the mitochondrial (mt) and chloroplast (cp) genomes of Ruppia sinensis were sequenced. The results showed an extensive gene loss in seagrasses, including a complete loss of cp-rpl19 genes in Zosteraceae, most cp-ndh genes in Hydrocharitaceae, and mt-rpl and mt-rps genes in all seagrasses, except for the mt-rpl16 gene in Phyllospadix iwatensis. Notably, most ribosomal protein genes were lost in the mt and cp genomes. The deleted cp genes were not transferred to the mt genomes through horizontal gene transfer. Additionally, a significant DNA transfer between seagrass organelles was found, with the mt genomes of Zostera containing numerous sequences from the cp genome. Rearrangement analyses revealed an unreported inversion of the cp genome in R. sinensis. Moreover, four positively selected genes (atp8, nad5, atp4, and ccmFn) and five variable regions (matR, atp4, atp8, rps7, and ccmFn) were identified.

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黄渤海海草叶绿体到线粒体的水平基因转移。

海草是研究植物适应海洋环境的理想材料。本研究对中华茹萍（Ruppia sinensis）的线粒体（mt）和叶绿体（cp）基因组进行了测序。结果表明，海草中出现了大范围的基因缺失，包括海草科（Zosteraceae）中 cp-rpl19 基因的完全缺失、水芹科（Hydrocharitaceae）中大部分 cp-ndh 基因的缺失，以及除 Phyllospadix iwatensis 中 mt-rpl16 基因外，所有海草中 mt-rpl 和 mt-rps 基因的缺失。值得注意的是，大部分核糖体蛋白基因在 mt 和 cp 基因组中丢失。被删除的 cp 基因没有通过水平基因转移转移到 mt 基因组中。此外，研究还发现海草细胞器之间存在大量的DNA转移，海草的mt基因组中含有大量来自cp基因组的序列。重排分析表明，中华笛鲷的 cp 基因组存在未报道的倒位。此外，还发现了四个正选基因（atp8、nad5、atp4 和 ccmFn）和五个可变区（matR、atp4、atp8、rps7 和 ccmFn）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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