Assessment of antibodies against platelet factor 4 following vaccination with adenovirus type 26-vectored vaccines.

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 HEMATOLOGY Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1016/j.jtha.2024.08.019

Hendy Kristyanto, Leen Slaets, Esmée Braams, Ilse Scheys, Roy Heesbeen, Vicky Cárdenas, Georgi Shukarev, Gert Scheper, Jerald Sadoff, Kerstin Lühn, Hanneke Schuitemaker, Frank Struyf, Jenny Hendriks

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Abstract

Background: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare adverse event identified following vaccination with some adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccines, including Ad26.COV2.S. VITT is characterized by the presence of antibodies against platelet factor 4 (PF4).

Objectives: To evaluate whether PF4 antibodies were generally induced following vaccination with adenovirus type 26 (Ad26)-vectored vaccines.

Methods: The study included 913 and 991 healthy participants without thromboembolic (TE) events in Ad26.COV2.S and non-COVID-19 Ad26-vectored vaccine clinical studies, respectively, and 1 participant with VITT following Ad26.COV2.S vaccination. PF4 antibody levels were measured in prevaccination and postvaccination sera. PF4 antibody positivity rates were assessed in a case-control setting in participants who developed TE events during participation in Ad26-vectored vaccine clinical studies.

Results: In the 1 VITT patient, PF4 antibodies were negative before vaccination. Seroconversion for platelet-activating PF4 antibodies was observed upon Ad26.COV2.S vaccination. In participants without TE events, the PF4 antibody levels and positivity rates were similar before and after Ad26 vaccination. Ad26 vaccination did not increase PF4 antibody levels in participants who were PF4 antibody-positive at baseline (n = 47). Lastly, 1 out of 28 TE cases and 2 out of 156 non-TE controls seroconverted after Ad26.COV2.S vaccination. None of the 15 TE cases and 3 of the 77 non-TE controls seroconverted following non-COVID-19 Ad26 vaccination.

Conclusion: Ad26.COV2.S and the other Ad26-vectored vaccines studied did not generally induce PF4 antibodies or increase preexisting PF4 antibody levels. Moreover, unlike VITT, TE events that occurred at any time following Ad26 vaccination were not associated with PF4 antibodies.

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评估接种 26 型腺病毒载体疫苗后的血小板因子 4 抗体。

背景：疫苗诱导的免疫性血栓性血小板减少症（VITT）是接种某些腺病毒接种的COVID-19疫苗（包括Ad26.COV2.S.）后发现的一种罕见不良事件。VITT的特征是存在针对血小板因子4（PF4）的抗体：目的：评估接种腺病毒 26 型（Ad26）载体疫苗后是否会普遍诱发 PF4 抗体：研究分别纳入了 913 名和 991 名在 Ad26.COV2.S 和非 COVID-19 Ad26 病毒载体疫苗临床研究中未发生血栓栓塞 (TE) 事件的健康参与者，以及 1 名接种 Ad26.COV2.S 疫苗后出现 VITT 的参与者。接种前和接种后血清中的 PF4 抗体水平进行了测定。在病例对照中评估了在参与 Ad26 接种疫苗临床研究期间发生 TE 事件的参与者的 PF4 抗体阳性率：结果：1 名 VITT 患者在接种疫苗前 PF4 抗体为阴性。接种 Ad26.COV2.S 疫苗后观察到血小板活化 PF4 抗体血清转换。在没有发生 TE 事件的参与者中，接种 Ad26 疫苗前后的 PF4 抗体水平和阳性率相似。在基线PF4抗体阳性的参与者（47人）中，接种Ad26不会增加PF4抗体水平。最后，接种 Ad26.COV2.S 疫苗后，28 例 TE 病例中有 1 例和 156 例非 TE 对照组中有 2 例发生了血清转换。在接种非COVID-19 Ad26疫苗后，15例TE病例和77例非TE对照组中分别有3例和1例出现血清转换：结论：Ad26.COV2.S 和所研究的其他 Ad26 接种疫苗一般不会诱导 PF4 抗体或增加原有的 PF4 抗体水平。此外，与 VITT 不同，接种 Ad26 疫苗后任何时间发生的 TE 事件都与 PF4 抗体无关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 医学-外周血管病

CiteScore

24.30

自引率

3.80%

发文量

321

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (JTH) serves as the official journal of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. It is dedicated to advancing science related to thrombosis, bleeding disorders, and vascular biology through the dissemination and exchange of information and ideas within the global research community. Types of Publications: The journal publishes a variety of content, including: Original research reports State-of-the-art reviews Brief reports Case reports Invited commentaries on publications in the Journal Forum articles Correspondence Announcements Scope of Contributions: Editors invite contributions from both fundamental and clinical domains. These include: Basic manuscripts on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis Studies on proteins and reactions related to thrombosis and haemostasis Research on blood platelets and their interactions with other biological systems, such as the vessel wall, blood cells, and invading organisms Clinical manuscripts covering various topics including venous thrombosis, arterial disease, hemophilia, bleeding disorders, and platelet diseases Clinical manuscripts may encompass etiology, diagnostics, prognosis, prevention, and treatment strategies.