The Evolution of Renal Denervation for the Treatment of Hypertension: Insights from Trials and Prospects for Clinical Practice.

Abstract

Hypertension affects 1.3 billion adults globally, with severe health implications if left untreated. Despite efforts, research suggests only a fraction achieve adequate control. Renal denervation (RDN) therapy has emerged as a potential solution, particularly for treatment-resistant cases. RDN targets the dysregulated sympathetic nervous system activity frequently encountered in resistant hypertension. Recent FDA approval of advanced RDN catheter systems in 2023 signifies a pivotal advancement in hypertension management. As an adjunctive to pharmacotherapy, RDN holds promise as a therapeutic modality in achieving optimal blood pressure control and attenuating hypertension-related morbidity and mortality. Further research elucidating the nuances of patient selection, procedural standardization, and long-term outcomes is warranted to optimize the clinical utility of RDN in the management of hypertension. This manuscript compiles evidence for the use of RDN and reviews the long-term safety data from recent trials.