Transmisogyny, Ableism and Compulsory Cisness: Case Studies from Byzantium

IF 1.8 1区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Past & Present Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI:10.1093/pastj/gtae034
Ilya Maude, Maroula Perisanidi
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Abstract

This article uses case studies from Byzantium to demonstrate a new trans framework for gendered historical analysis that recognizes identity as both fluid and painful. Instead of placing the emphasis on whether or not we can call an individual trans, it explores the forces that produced cisness, and the cis and trans lives people carved out amidst them. We find ableism and transmisogyny at the heart of three important pieces of trans history from the middle Byzantine period: a description by Michael Psellos of a child whose femininity is framed in terms of disability, Nikephoros Basilakes’ Confirmation and Refutation of the story of Atalanta, and Psellos’ own expressions of gendered identity in their epistolography. Focusing on the collusion of cisness and able-bodiedness produces a complex image of how some Byzantines could incorporate gender transgression into a cis life, while others negotiated life outside the boundaries of acceptability. More broadly, this framework reveals the entanglements of transness and cisness, which demand that historical analysis does not stop at the borders of inner states.
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跨性别主义、残疾主义和强制同性:拜占庭案例研究
本文利用拜占庭的案例研究,展示了一种新的变性历史分析框架,该框架承认身份是多变的,也是痛苦的。文章不再强调我们是否可以称某人为变性人,而是探讨了产生顺式身份的力量,以及顺式和变性人在这些力量中创造的生活。我们发现,在拜占庭中期的三部重要变性史著作中,异能主义和跨性别主义是核心所在:迈克尔-普塞洛斯(Michael Psellos)对一名儿童的描述,这名儿童的女性特质是以残疾为框架的;尼基福罗斯-巴西拉克斯(Nikephoros Basilakes)对阿塔兰特故事的确认与反驳;以及普塞洛斯本人在其认识论中对性别身份的表达。关注顺性别和健全人之间的勾结可以产生一个复杂的图像,说明一些拜占庭人如何将性别越轨纳入顺性别生活,而另一些人则在可接受的界限之外协商生活。更广泛地说,这一框架揭示了变性与顺性之间的纠葛,这就要求历史分析不能止步于内部国家的边界。
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来源期刊
Past & Present
Past & Present Multiple-
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
5.60%
发文量
49
期刊介绍: Founded in 1952, Past & Present is widely acknowledged to be the liveliest and most stimulating historical journal in the English-speaking world. The journal offers: •A wide variety of scholarly and original articles on historical, social and cultural change in all parts of the world. •Four issues a year, each containing five or six major articles plus occasional debates and review essays. •Challenging work by young historians as well as seminal articles by internationally regarded scholars. •A range of articles that appeal to specialists and non-specialists, and communicate the results of the most recent historical research in a readable and lively form. •A forum for debate, encouraging productive controversy.
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