Comparative evaluation of serum and gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin 21 in periodontally diseased and healthy patients.

Q3 Medicine Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Pub Date : 2024-09-20 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.33393/jcb.2024.3149
Shabnam Gulfishan, Suhail Ahmed Syed, Pathakota Krishnajaneya Reddy, Preeti Krishnan, Aravinda B Reddy, Ibrahim Fazal
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Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory reaction to subgingival pathogenic microorganisms that causes gradual deterioration of the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Interleukin (IL)-21 is the most recently found member of type I cytokine family that is upregulated during inflammation. The current study aims to investigate the biological plausibility of IL-21 as a biomarker for chronic periodontitis.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional clinico-biochemical investigation included 15 systemically healthy, 15 periodontally healthy, 15 chronic gingivitis, and 15 chronic periodontitis subjects aged 25 to 60 years. Following subject enrollment, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and blood samples were then taken from each subject. The concentration of IL-21 in all samples was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The data was examined using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Spearman correlation test.

Results: Serum IL-21 levels in chronic periodontitis patients were substantially greater than in periodontally healthy individuals. GCF IL-21 levels were substantially greater in gingivitis and chronic periodontitis patients compared to periodontally healthy individuals. In terms of clinical indicators, serum IL-21 levels correlated significantly with bleeding index (BI) in the chronic periodontitis group. In chronic periodontitis group, disease severity as evaluated by probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) did not correlate with serum or GCF IL-21 levels.

Conclusion: According to the current study's findings, periodontally involved patients had higher IL-21 levels than periodontally healthy patients, suggesting it can be used as biomarker. Further studies with larger sample size can shed more light on the clinical advantage of IL-21 as a possible marker for disease activity and progression.

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牙周病患者和健康患者血清和牙龈细缝液中白细胞介素 21 水平的比较评估。
背景:牙周炎是龈下病原微生物引起的炎症反应,会导致牙龈、牙周韧带和牙槽骨逐渐退化。白细胞介素(IL)-21 是最新发现的 I 型细胞因子家族成员,在炎症过程中上调。本研究旨在探讨 IL-21 作为慢性牙周炎生物标志物的生物学合理性:这项横断面临床生化调查包括 15 名全身健康者、15 名牙周健康者、15 名慢性牙龈炎患者和 15 名慢性牙周炎患者,年龄在 25 至 60 岁之间。受试者登记后,从每个受试者身上采集牙龈缝隙液(GCF)和血液样本。使用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)试剂盒测定所有样本中的 IL-21 浓度。数据采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验和 Spearman 相关性检验:结果:慢性牙周炎患者的血清IL-21水平远高于牙周健康者。与牙周健康者相比,牙龈炎和慢性牙周炎患者的 GCF IL-21 水平要高得多。在临床指标方面,慢性牙周炎组的血清IL-21水平与出血指数(BI)显著相关。在慢性牙周炎组中,通过探诊袋深度(PPD)和临床附着丧失(CAL)评估的疾病严重程度与血清或GCF IL-21水平没有相关性:根据目前的研究结果,牙周病患者的 IL-21 水平高于牙周健康患者,这表明 IL-21 可用作生物标志物。样本量更大的进一步研究可进一步阐明IL-21作为疾病活动和进展标志物的临床优势。
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来源期刊
Journal of Circulating Biomarkers
Journal of Circulating Biomarkers Medicine-Biochemistry (medical)
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
9
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Circulating Biomarkers is an international, peer-reviewed, open access scientific journal focusing on all aspects of the rapidly growing field of circulating blood-based biomarkers and diagnostics using circulating protein and lipid markers, circulating tumor cells (CTC), circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes and apoptotic bodies. The journal publishes high-impact articles that deal with all fields related to circulating biomarkers and diagnostics, ranging from basic science to translational and clinical applications. Papers from a wide variety of disciplines are welcome; interdisciplinary studies are especially suitable for this journal. Included within the scope are a broad array of specialties including (but not limited to) cancer, immunology, neurology, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular medicine, regenerative medicine, nosology, physiology, pathology, technological applications in diagnostics, therapeutics, vaccine, drug delivery, regenerative medicine, drug development and clinical trials. The journal also hosts reviews, perspectives and news on specific topics.
期刊最新文献
A novel liquid biopsy assay for detection of ERBB2 (HER2) amplification in circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Comments to: Relation between interleukin-13 and annexin-V levels and carotid intima-media thickness in nephrotic syndrome. Author's reply to: Comments to: Relation between interleukin-13 and annexin-V levels and carotid intima-media thickness in nephrotic syndrome. Comparative evaluation of serum and gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin 21 in periodontally diseased and healthy patients. Relation between interleukin-13 and annexin-V levels and carotid intima-media thickness in nephrotic syndrome.
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