Development and Pilot of a Portable Community-Based Intervention for LGBTQ+ Youth with Depression Symptoms.

Abstract

Objective: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ+) youth experience known inequities in mental health outcomes, including depression and suicidality. The Promoting Wellbeing & Resilience (PWR) class is an interactive, developmentally tailored group that provides strength-based, practical skills to LGBTQ+ teenagers with depression. It is designed to be implemented by paraprofessionals to increase community-based access to care.

Method: Investigators developed and piloted an eight-session cognitive-behavioral class for LGBTQ+ youth (N = 21) ages 12 to 17 (M = 14.8 years, 81% Caucasian, 57% gender diverse, 100% non-heterosexual) with depression symptoms. The youth received training in mood regulation, communication skills, stress management, and goal setting in a small group format (5-8 youth per group). Outcomes were youth-reported depression (primary), anxiety, and trauma symptoms at pre-treatment and post-treatment. Paired sample (dependent) one-tailed t-tests were used to examine treatment effects. Focus groups were also conducted with participants to assess satisfaction and collect qualitative feedback regarding class content and format.

Result: The resilience class was associated with reductions in depression symptoms post-treatment (t(17) = 3.3, p = .002, d = 0.5) but not anxiety (t(17) = 1.8, p = .049, d = 0.3) or trauma symptoms (t(17) = 1.2, p = .118, d = 0.1). Completion rates for all group sessions were high (95%), and the majority (57%) of participants returned for an optional review session.

Conclusion: Preliminary results suggest a manualized 8-week skills-based cognitive-behavioral group intervention designed to be delivered by paraprofessionals may be effective at reducing depression symptoms in actively depressed LGBTQ+ youth.