Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions ats=13 TeV.

IF 20.7 Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1088/1361-6633/ad7e4d

The Cms Collaboration

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Abstract

Entanglement is an intrinsic property of quantum mechanics and is predicted to be exhibited in the particles produced at the Large Hadron Collider. A measurement of the extent of entanglement in top quark-antiquark (tt¯) events produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is performed with the data recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3 fb^-1. The events are selected based on the presence of two leptons with opposite charges and high transverse momentum. An entanglement-sensitive observableDis derived from the top quark spin-dependent parts of thett¯production density matrix and measured in the region of thett¯production threshold. Values ofD<-1/3are evidence of entanglement andDis observed (expected) to be-0.480-0.029+0.026(-0.467-0.029+0.026) at the parton level. With an observed significance of 5.1 standard deviations with respect to the non-entangled hypothesis, this provides observation of quantum mechanical entanglement withintt¯pairs in this phase space. This measurement provides a new probe of quantum mechanics at the highest energies ever produced.

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在 √s = 13 TeV 的质子-质子对撞中观测到顶夸克对产生的量子纠缠。

纠缠是量子力学的固有特性，据预测在大型强子对撞机产生的粒子中也会表现出这种特性。我们利用欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机的CMS实验在2016年记录的数据，测量了在质心能量为13 TeV的质子-质子对撞中产生的顶夸克-反夸克（$\mathrm{tbar{t}}$）事件中的纠缠程度，对应的综合光度为36.3 fb$^{-1}$。这些事件是根据存在两个带相反电荷和高横向动量的轻子来选择的。从 $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ 产生密度矩阵的顶夸克自旋相关部分导出了纠缠敏感观测值 $D$，并在 $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ 产生阈值区域进行了测量。$D\lt-$1/3的值是纠缠的证据，在粒子水平上，$D$被观测到（预期）为$-$0.480$^{+0.026}_{-0.029}$（$-$0.467$^{+0.026}_{-0.029}$）。与非纠缠假说相比，观察到的显著性为 5.1 个标准偏差，这就提供了在这个相空间的 $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ 对中对量子力学纠缠的观察。这一测量为量子力学在迄今为止最高能量下的发展提供了新的探针。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)

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