Effects of crystal orientation, temperature, deviatoric stress, and confining stress on creep of rock salt

IF 7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.105913
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Abstract

The creep of rock salt greatly influences the performance and safety of rock salt caverns when they are used as an underground repository for oil, nuclear waste, or other hazardous materials. Creep may cause shearing of casings of oil wells drilled through thick layers of salt rock formation. The crystallographic structure of salt rock grains, in-situ deviatoric stress changes caused by excavation, confining stress from the surrounding environment, and ambient temperature can have a significant impact on the creep behavior of rock salt. Although the creep behavior of polycrystalline rock salt has been extensively studied by many researchers, the creep behavior of single-crystal natural rock salt is not yet fully understood. This paper investigates the influence of crystal orientation, temperature, deviatoric stress, and confining stress on the creep behavior of single-crystal and polycrystalline rock salt. 42 long-term creep experiments with various temperatures, confining stresses, and deviatoric stresses were conducted on natural single-crystal specimens. The temperatures were 20, 100, and 150 °C, the confining stresses were 0.1, 1.0, and 5.0 MPa, and the various deviatoric stresses were applied in different loading directions with respect to the specimen's crystal orientations. Additionally, 18 long-term creep experiments were performed on synthetic polycrystalline specimens with wet grain boundaries at temperatures of 20, 100, and 150 °C, at confining stresses of 0.1, 1.0, and 5.0 MPa, and various deviatoric stresses. The effects of the mentioned experimental conditions on the accumulated axial strain, transient strain rate, and steady-state strain rate during the creep of rock salt were then examined and discussed in detail. Moreover, the influence of temperature, deviatoric stress, and confining stress on the steady-state creep of single crystal rock salt is examined within the context of existing polycrystalline creep data available in the literature.
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晶体取向、温度、偏差应力和约束应力对岩盐蠕变的影响
当岩盐洞穴用作石油、核废料或其他有害物质的地下贮藏库时,岩盐的蠕变会极大地影响岩盐洞穴的性能和安全。蠕变可能会导致钻过厚盐岩层的油井套管发生剪切。盐岩晶粒的晶体结构、挖掘造成的原位偏差应力变化、周围环境的约束应力以及环境温度都会对岩盐的蠕变行为产生重大影响。虽然许多研究人员已经对多晶岩盐的蠕变行为进行了广泛研究,但对单晶天然岩盐的蠕变行为还没有完全了解。本文研究了晶体取向、温度、偏差应力和约束应力对单晶和多晶岩盐蠕变行为的影响。在天然单晶试样上进行了 42 次不同温度、约束应力和偏差应力的长期蠕变实验。温度分别为 20、100 和 150 °C,约束应力分别为 0.1、1.0 和 5.0 MPa,各种偏差应力施加在与试样晶体方向不同的加载方向上。此外,还对具有湿晶界的合成多晶试样进行了 18 次长期蠕变实验,温度分别为 20、100 和 150 °C,约束应力分别为 0.1、1.0 和 5.0 MPa,并施加了各种偏差应力。然后详细研究和讨论了上述实验条件对岩盐蠕变过程中累积轴向应变、瞬态应变率和稳态应变率的影响。此外,还结合文献中现有的多晶蠕变数据,研究了温度、偏差应力和约束应力对单晶岩盐稳态蠕变的影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.00
自引率
5.60%
发文量
196
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences focuses on original research, new developments, site measurements, and case studies within the fields of rock mechanics and rock engineering. Serving as an international platform, it showcases high-quality papers addressing rock mechanics and the application of its principles and techniques in mining and civil engineering projects situated on or within rock masses. These projects encompass a wide range, including slopes, open-pit mines, quarries, shafts, tunnels, caverns, underground mines, metro systems, dams, hydro-electric stations, geothermal energy, petroleum engineering, and radioactive waste disposal. The journal welcomes submissions on various topics, with particular interest in theoretical advancements, analytical and numerical methods, rock testing, site investigation, and case studies.
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