Behavioural Problems in Preadolescence: Does Nutritional Status Have a Role?

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Child Care Health and Development Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI:10.1111/cch.13328

Bushra Khan, Waqas Hameed, Bilal Iqbal Avan

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Abstract

Introduction

Malnutrition in children and adolescents is a global issue particularly in low- and middle-income countries, while behavioural problems are becoming a growing public health concern in the area of child and adolescent mental health, with very few studies examining their association in preadolescence. This study aimed to assess the epidemiological relationship between malnutrition and behavioural problems in preadolescence.

Methods

A school based, cross-sectional survey was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan. Total 660, 11- to 12-year-old preadolescents were selected from a middle-class, coeducational school chain. Sociodemographic questionnaires and an officially adapted version of Youth Self-Report Form (YSR), which is the child and adolescent reported version of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), were used to collect data, along with anthropometric assessments following the WHO protocol.

Results

Thin and stunted preadolescents had significantly higher odds of internalizing problems (AOR = 2.05, p = 0.003 and AOR = 2.09, p = 0.039, respectively) than normal ones. Overnutrition was not associated with any behavioural issues. According to the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure, 40% of preadolescents had at least one type of malnutrition and among them about 3% had co-occurring malnutrition (stunted and thin or overweight). They significantly had higher risk of being associated with the internalizing problems (AOR 2.92, p = 0.027). The effect was considerably higher than that associated with stunted or thin only, highlighting the cumulative impact of the co-occurring malnutrition on the internalizing problems.

Conclusion

Our study concludes that overnutrition and undernutrition are prevalent in preadolescents, with significant association of undernutrition with internalizing problems. Moreover, our study is the first that reports that the co-occurrence of malnutrition is significantly associated with increased risk of internalizing problems. This study highlights the importance of the link between physical and mental health and emphasizes the need for holistic interventions and programmes for addressing preadolescents' issues.

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青春期前的行为问题：营养状况是否有影响？

引言儿童和青少年营养不良是一个全球性问题，尤其是在中低收入国家，而行为问题正日益成为儿童和青少年心理健康领域的一个公共卫生问题，但很少有研究探讨两者在青春期前的关系。本研究旨在评估青春期前营养不良与行为问题之间的流行病学关系。方法在巴基斯坦卡拉奇进行了一项基于学校的横断面调查。从一所中产阶级男女混合连锁学校中挑选了 660 名 11 至 12 岁的青春期前儿童。调查使用了社会人口学问卷和官方改编版的青少年自我报告表（YSR）（即儿童和青少年报告版的儿童行为检查表（CBCL））来收集数据，并按照世界卫生组织的方案进行了人体测量评估。结果瘦弱和发育不良的学龄前儿童出现内化问题的几率（AOR = 2.05，p = 0.003 和 AOR = 2.09，p = 0.039）明显高于正常儿童。营养过剩与任何行为问题无关。根据人体测量不合格综合指数（Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure），40%的学龄前儿童至少有一种营养不良，其中约3%同时存在营养不良（发育迟缓、消瘦或超重）。他们出现内化问题的风险明显更高（AOR 2.92，p = 0.027）。这种影响远远高于仅与发育不良或消瘦相关的影响，突出了同时存在的营养不良对内化问题的累积影响。结论我们的研究得出结论，营养过剩和营养不良在青春期前儿童中普遍存在，营养不良与内化问题有显著关联。此外，我们的研究还首次报告了营养不良与内化问题风险增加的显著相关性。这项研究强调了身体健康与心理健康之间联系的重要性，并强调有必要采取综合干预措施和方案来解决学龄前儿童的问题。

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来源期刊

Child Care Health and Development 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

5.30%

发文量

136

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Child: care, health and development is an international, peer-reviewed journal which publishes papers dealing with all aspects of the health and development of children and young people. We aim to attract quantitative and qualitative research papers relevant to people from all disciplines working in child health. We welcome studies which examine the effects of social and environmental factors on health and development as well as those dealing with clinical issues, the organization of services and health policy. We particularly encourage the submission of studies related to those who are disadvantaged by physical, developmental, emotional and social problems. The journal also aims to collate important research findings and to provide a forum for discussion of global child health issues.