Trivalent transition metal ion mediated template synthesis: In silico molecular docking, DNA binding, antimicrobial evaluation and DFT studies

Abstract

In order to reduce the chances of multiple drug resistance, there is an urgent requirement for the designing of new antimicrobial agents. In this current research, series of novel hexaazamacrocyclic trivalent transition metal complexes of Chromium^III and Iron^III have been prepared by adopting the pathway of metal ion mediated template condensation. The newly synthesized macrocyclic complexes were analyzed by Infra-Red Spectroscopy, Carbon-Hydrogen-Nitrogen analyzer, UltraViolet–visible, Powder X-Ray Diffraction, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Magnetic Susceptibilities, Molar conductance, Electron Spray Ionisation-Mass Spectrometry and Thermogravimetric analysis techniques. The electro-lytic behaviour of the complexes was suggested by conductance (molar) values. All the complexes (T7-T12) can be formulated or represented as [MLX] X₂·yH₂O, where M = Fe^III, Cr^III and L is the macrocyclic ring resulting from 1,8-diaminonaphthalene and succinimide and X = NO₃⁻, Cl⁻, CH₃COO⁻ and y = 1 or 2. All the macrocyclic complexes have been anticipated to have a penta coordinated square pyramidal shape using several physico-analytical approaches. Monomeric nature of the complexes was confirmed by CHN analysis and mass spectral data. Powder X-Ray Diffraction studies were carried out for interpreting the crystallinity of the complexes. Density Functional Theory studies were performed for energy optimization and theoretical calculations of UV & IR. The DNA interaction studies showed intercalative mode of binding is present in the newly designed complexes with the DNA. In addition to these, all the metal complexes were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activity against pathogenic strains of bacteria and fungi, Complex T7 has effective bactericidal action against B. cereus and E. coli. Molecular docking studies were also performed on SARS Cov-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The used proteins are NSP15 Endoribonuclease from SARS CoV-2 and DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. The results revealed that complex T10 is having good binding affinity against DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.