{"title":"Exhaled breath analysis: A promising triage test for tuberculosis in young children","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tube.2024.102566","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diagnosis of paediatric pulmonary tuberculosis is difficult, especially in young infants who cannot expectorate sputum spontaneously. Breath testing has shown promise in diagnosing respiratory tract infections, but data on paediatric tuberculosis are limited.</div><div>We performed a prospective cross-sectional study in Kenya in children younger than five years with symptoms of tuberculosis. We analysed exhaled breath with a hand-held battery-powered nose device. For data analysis, machine learning was applied using samples classified as positive (microbiologically confirmed) or negative (unlikely tuberculosis) to assess diagnostic accuracy.</div><div>Breath analysis was performed in 118 children. The area under the curve of the optimal model was 0.73. At a sensitivity of 86 % (CI 62–96 %), this resulted in a specificity of 42 % (95 % CI 30–55 %).</div><div>Exhaled breath analysis shows promise as a triage test for TB in young children, although the WHO target product characteristics were not met.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23383,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Tuberculosis","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1472979224000921","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The diagnosis of paediatric pulmonary tuberculosis is difficult, especially in young infants who cannot expectorate sputum spontaneously. Breath testing has shown promise in diagnosing respiratory tract infections, but data on paediatric tuberculosis are limited.
We performed a prospective cross-sectional study in Kenya in children younger than five years with symptoms of tuberculosis. We analysed exhaled breath with a hand-held battery-powered nose device. For data analysis, machine learning was applied using samples classified as positive (microbiologically confirmed) or negative (unlikely tuberculosis) to assess diagnostic accuracy.
Breath analysis was performed in 118 children. The area under the curve of the optimal model was 0.73. At a sensitivity of 86 % (CI 62–96 %), this resulted in a specificity of 42 % (95 % CI 30–55 %).
Exhaled breath analysis shows promise as a triage test for TB in young children, although the WHO target product characteristics were not met.
期刊介绍：
Tuberculosis is a speciality journal focusing on basic experimental research on tuberculosis, notably on bacteriological, immunological and pathogenesis aspects of the disease. The journal publishes original research and reviews on the host response and immunology of tuberculosis and the molecular biology, genetics and physiology of the organism, however discourages submissions with a meta-analytical focus (for example, articles based on searches of published articles in public electronic databases, especially where there is lack of evidence of the personal involvement of authors in the generation of such material). We do not publish Clinical Case-Studies.
Areas on which submissions are welcomed include:
-Clinical TrialsDiagnostics-
Antimicrobial resistance-
Immunology-
Leprosy-
Microbiology, including microbial physiology-
Molecular epidemiology-
Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria-
Pathogenesis-
Pathology-
Vaccine development.
This Journal does not accept case-reports.
The resurgence of interest in tuberculosis has accelerated the pace of relevant research and Tuberculosis has grown with it, as the only journal dedicated to experimental biomedical research in tuberculosis.
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