Long-term impact of maternal prenatal smoking on EEG brain activity and internalizing/externalizing problem symptoms in young adults

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Addictive behaviors Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108175

Karina Janson , Nathalie E. Holz , Anna Kaiser , Pascal Aggensteiner , Sarah Baumeister , Daniel Brandeis , Tobias Banaschewski , Frauke Nees , IMAC-Mind Consortium

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Abstract

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of smoking during pregnancy on the development of the child. While previous research has established its detrimental effects during early childhood, understanding potential long-term consequences into adulthood remains limited. This study specifically aimed to explore the influence of prenatal smoking exposure on brain activity and whether internalizing and externalizing symptoms are influenced by prenatal smoking exposure in a cohort of young adults.

Methods

Utilizing data from 176 participants (mean age M = 24.68, SD = 0.49) and their mothers enrolled in a longitudinal risk study (MARS), we employed Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs) to analyze electroencephalography (EEG) power at rest and behavioral outcomes derived from the Young Adult-Self-Report (YASR) scales. Both covariate-unadjusted and −adjusted models were used, taking into account participant variables such as sex and age, as well as maternal factors like psychopathology and alcohol consumption, in addition to smoking and alcohol intake by the participants themselves.

Results

The study revealed a significant impact of prenatal smoking on delta and theta band power, indicating decreased slower brain activity in prenatally exposed individuals compared to unexposed counterparts. Additionally, individuals exposed to prenatal smoking exhibited significantly higher levels of externalizing behavior. While this association was strongly influenced by maternal psychopathology, the child’s gender, and the child’s own substance use, the effect on delta power band remained after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that prenatal smoking exposure may have enduring effects on brain activity patterns in young adulthood. Conversely, the influence on externalizing behaviors depended on familial factors (maternal psychopathology) and the lifestyle of the individual (substance use).

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母亲产前吸烟对青少年脑电图活动和内化/外化问题症状的长期影响

本研究的目的是调查孕期吸烟对儿童发育的影响。虽然以往的研究已经证实了吸烟对儿童早期发育的不利影响，但对其成年后可能产生的长期影响的了解仍然有限。本研究的具体目的是探讨产前吸烟暴露对大脑活动的影响，以及产前吸烟暴露是否会影响年轻成人的内化和外化症状。方法利用参加纵向风险研究（MARS）的 176 名参与者（平均年龄 M = 24.68，SD = 0.49）及其母亲的数据，我们采用了广义加性混合模型（GAMMs）来分析静息状态下的脑电图（EEG）功率和来自年轻成人自我报告（YASR）量表的行为结果。研究结果表明，产前吸烟对 delta 和 theta 波段的功率有显著影响，表明与未暴露于产前吸烟的人相比，暴露于产前吸烟的人大脑活动减慢。此外，暴露于产前吸烟的个体表现出明显更高水平的外化行为。研究结果表明，产前吸烟可能会对成年后的大脑活动模式产生持久影响。相反，对外化行为的影响取决于家庭因素（母亲的精神病理学）和个人的生活方式（药物使用）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Addictive behaviors 医学-药物滥用

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

4.50%

发文量

283

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Addictive Behaviors is an international peer-reviewed journal publishing high quality human research on addictive behaviors and disorders since 1975. The journal accepts submissions of full-length papers and short communications on substance-related addictions such as the abuse of alcohol, drugs and nicotine, and behavioral addictions involving gambling and technology. We primarily publish behavioral and psychosocial research but our articles span the fields of psychology, sociology, psychiatry, epidemiology, social policy, medicine, pharmacology and neuroscience. While theoretical orientations are diverse, the emphasis of the journal is primarily empirical. That is, sound experimental design combined with valid, reliable assessment and evaluation procedures are a requisite for acceptance. However, innovative and empirically oriented case studies that might encourage new lines of inquiry are accepted as well. Studies that clearly contribute to current knowledge of etiology, prevention, social policy or treatment are given priority. Scholarly commentaries on topical issues, systematic reviews, and mini reviews are encouraged. We especially welcome multimedia papers that incorporate video or audio components to better display methodology or findings. Studies can also be submitted to Addictive Behaviors? companion title, the open access journal Addictive Behaviors Reports, which has a particular interest in ''non-traditional'', innovative and empirically-oriented research such as negative/null data papers, replication studies, case reports on novel treatments, and cross-cultural research.