Impacts of P-site non-stoichiometry on the structure and properties of BaZnP2O7 ceramics

Abstract

In this work, a series of P⁵⁺-enriched BaZnP_2+xO₇ ceramics were synthesized using the solid-state method at temperatures ranging from 825°C to 925°C. All ceramics exhibited a single triclinic phase. A suitable excess of P⁵⁺ promoted grain growth and densification, which also affected ${\epsilon }_r$ and $Q\times f$. Subsequently, the relationship between total lattice energy and $Q\times f$ was explored, as well as the connection between total bond energy and ${\tau }_f$. At 850°C, the BaZnP_2.01O₇ ceramics achieved a relative density of 97.7 % and demonstrated optimal properties: ${\epsilon }_r$∼8.78, $Q\times f$∼149,008 GHz, ${\tau }_f$∼-28.92 ppm/°C. These ceramics present an outstanding combination of low ${\epsilon }_r$, high $Q\times f$ and low sintering temperature, indicating their potential for application in Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramics (LTCC) technology.