Calcium accumulation or iron deposition: Delving into the temporal sequence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathophysiology in the primary motor cortex

Ibrain Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI:10.1002/ibra.12168
Sadegh Ghaderi, Sana Mohammadi, Farzad Fatehi
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Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) causes progressive motor neuron degeneration, but an in vivo understanding of its early pathology remains limited. A recent study used topographic layer imaging to investigate iron and calcium accumulation in the primary motor cortex (M1) of patients with ALS compared with controls. Despite the preserved cortical thickness, ALS patients showed increased iron in layer 6 and calcium accumulation in layer 5a and the superficial layer. Calcium accumulation was particularly prominent in the low-myelin borders, potentially preceding the demyelination. This study reveals a novel in vivo pathology in ALS, suggesting that calcium dysregulation may precede iron accumulation and contribute to early M1 cell degeneration. Further investigation using quantitative susceptibility mapping and complementary techniques, such as diffusion kurtosis imaging, along with ultrahigh-field magnetic resonance imaging, into the role of calcium and early intervention strategies is warranted.

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钙积累还是铁沉积?探究肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症初级运动皮层病理生理的时间顺序
肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(ALS)会导致进行性运动神经元变性,但对其早期病理的体内了解仍然有限。最近的一项研究利用地形层成像技术研究了与对照组相比,肌萎缩侧索硬化症患者初级运动皮层(M1)中的铁和钙积累情况。尽管皮层厚度保持不变,但 ALS 患者第 6 层的铁含量增加,第 5a 层和表层的钙积累增加。钙积累在低髓鞘边界尤为突出,有可能先于脱髓鞘发生。这项研究揭示了渐冻症的一种新的体内病理学,表明钙失调可能先于铁积累,并导致早期M1细胞变性。有必要利用定量易感性图谱以及扩散峰度成像和超高场磁共振成像等补充技术,进一步研究钙的作用和早期干预策略。
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Issue Information Identification of immune infiltration and PANoptosis-related molecular clusters and predictive model in Alzheimer's disease based on transcriptome analysis The application of eXplainable artificial intelligence in studying cognition: A scoping review Neuroscience of cancer: Research progress and emerging of the field Calcium accumulation or iron deposition: Delving into the temporal sequence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathophysiology in the primary motor cortex
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