Do personality profiles contribute to patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior in adulthood? A prospective cohort study.

IF 5.6 1区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.1186/s12966-024-01662-y

Johanna Ahola, Tiia Kekäläinen, Sebastien Chastin, Timo Rantalainen, Marja-Liisa Kinnunen, Lea Pulkkinen, Katja Kokko

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Abstract

Background: Despite the observed associations of personality traits with levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB), studies exploring whether the personality profiles differ in terms of the pattern of accumulation of physical behavior are lacking. The aim of this study was to identify adults' personality profiles and to characterize and investigate how these profiles differ in physical behavior.

Methods: The study utilized the longitudinal data of the participants of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (n = 141-307). Information on the five-factor model of personality, including the traits of neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, and agreeableness, was collected at ages 33, 42, 50, and 61 years, and used to create latent personality profiles. Physical behavior, operationalized as the amount and accumulation of MVPA and SB bouts, was captured using a triaxial accelerometer worn during waking hours at age 61 years. The differences in the behavior between the personality profiles were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results: Five personality profiles were identified: resilient (20.2%), brittle (14.0%), overcontrolled (9.8%), undercontrolled (15.3%), and ordinary (40.7%). Although there were no statistically significant differences between the personality profiles in the time spent in MVPA relative to SB (MVPA per hour of daily SB), individuals with resilient (low in neuroticism and high in other traits) and ordinary (average in each trait) profiles had MVPA-to-SB ratios of 0.12 (7 min) and those with a brittle (high in neuroticism and low in extraversion) profile had a ratio of 0.09 (5.5 min). The individuals in the resilient group exhibited a longer usual MVPA bout duration than those in the overcontrolled (low in extraversion, openness, and agreeableness) (8 min vs. 2 min) and undercontrolled (high in openness and low in conscientiousness) groups (8 min vs. 3 min). They also exhibited a longer usual SB bout duration than those in the ordinary group (29 min vs. 23 min).

Conclusions: The resilient group displayed the most prolonged MVPA and SB bout patterns. The results suggest that personality characteristics may contribute to how MVPA and SB are accumulated.

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人格特征是否会影响成年后的体育活动和久坐行为模式？一项前瞻性队列研究。

背景：尽管已观察到性格特征与中度到剧烈运动（MVPA）和久坐行为（SB）水平之间存在关联，但目前还缺乏探讨性格特征是否与身体行为积累模式存在差异的研究。本研究旨在确定成年人的性格特征，并分析和研究这些性格特征在身体行为方面有何不同：研究利用了于韦斯屈莱性格和社会发展纵向研究参与者（n = 141-307）的纵向数据。研究人员收集了 33、42、50 和 61 岁参与者的人格五因素模型信息，包括神经质、外向性、自觉性、开放性和合意性，并利用这些信息创建了潜在人格特征。在 61 岁时，使用在清醒时佩戴的三轴加速度计来捕捉身体行为，即 MVPA 和 SB 运动的数量和积累。采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验分析了不同人格特征之间的行为差异：结果：发现了五种性格特征：坚韧型（20.2%）、脆弱型（14.0%）、过度控制型（9.8%）、控制不足型（15.3%）和普通型（40.7%）。虽然不同性格特征的人在 MVPA 与 SB（每天 SB 的每小时 MVPA）的时间上没有明显的统计学差异，但具有韧性（神经质程度低，其他特质程度高）和普通（每个特质的平均值）性格特征的人的 MVPA 与 SB 的比率为 0.12（7 分钟），而具有脆性（神经质程度高，外向性程度低）性格特征的人的比率为 0.09（5.5 分钟）。与控制过度（外向性、开放性和合意性低）组（8 分钟对 2 分钟）和控制不足（开放性高和自觉性低）组（8 分钟对 3 分钟）相比，弹性组的人表现出更长的惯常 MVPA 时间。与普通组（29 分钟对 23 分钟）相比，他们还表现出更长的通常 SB 阵列持续时间：结论：抗挫折组的 MVPA 和 SB 活动时间最长。结果表明，个性特征可能有助于 MVPA 和 SB 的积累。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 医学-生理学

CiteScore

13.80

自引率

3.40%

发文量

138

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (IJBNPA) is an open access, peer-reviewed journal offering high quality articles, rapid publication and wide diffusion in the public domain. IJBNPA is devoted to furthering the understanding of the behavioral aspects of diet and physical activity and is unique in its inclusion of multiple levels of analysis, including populations, groups and individuals and its inclusion of epidemiology, and behavioral, theoretical and measurement research areas.