Rethinking spatial history: envisioning a mechanistic historical biogeography

IF 3.9 2区 生物学 Q1 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY Cladistics Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI:10.1111/cla.12598
Eduardo D. Schultz, Joel Cracraft
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Abstract

Historical biogeography is the study of geographic distributions of taxa through space and time. Over the last 50 years, several methods have been proposed to reconstruct these histories. However, despite their particularities, conceptually they have been most often derived from the reconstruction of area relationships. Here we advocate that area cladograms lack explanatory power and that biogeography needs to move towards a more mechanistic approach. We discuss the ontological problems related to areas of endemism and their validity as biogeographic units. Specifically, we propose that areas of endemism are not discrete historical entities and that area-based analyses are inappropriate for analytical biogeography. Instead, we suggest that biogeographic analyses should focus on those spatial–geographic elements that cause diversification, namely barriers. We discuss how barriers have more discrete boundaries in space and time than do areas of endemism, which allows the identification of homologous units and the recovery of vicariant events. Reconstructing the history of vicariant events results in a better understanding of spatial evolution within a biota because barrier formation is the relevant causal mechanism of diversification. We end by acknowledging the largely ignored views of Peter Hovenkamp and his conceptual contributions to developing a mechanistic biogeography.

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重新思考空间历史:设想一种机制化的历史生物地理学。
历史生物地理学是对分类群在空间和时间上的地理分布的研究。在过去的 50 年中,人们提出了多种方法来重建这些历史。然而,尽管这些方法各有特点,但从概念上讲,它们通常都是通过重建区域关系得出的。在此,我们主张区域支系图缺乏解释力,生物地理学需要转向更加机制化的方法。我们讨论了与特有性区域相关的本体论问题及其作为生物地理单位的有效性。具体而言,我们提出特有性区域并非离散的历史实体,基于区域的分析不适合用于分析生物地理学。相反,我们建议生物地理学分析应关注那些导致物种多样化的空间地理要素,即屏障。我们讨论了障碍如何在空间和时间上比特有地区具有更多的离散边界,这使得同源单元的识别和沧海桑田事件的恢复成为可能。由于屏障的形成是生物多样化的相关因果机制,因此重建沧海桑田的历史可以更好地理解生物群的空间演化。最后,我们要感谢彼得-霍文坎普(Peter Hovenkamp)在很大程度上被忽视的观点,以及他在发展机制生物地理学方面做出的概念性贡献。
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来源期刊
Cladistics
Cladistics 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
5.60%
发文量
34
期刊介绍: Cladistics publishes high quality research papers on systematics, encouraging debate on all aspects of the field, from philosophy, theory and methodology to empirical studies and applications in biogeography, coevolution, conservation biology, ontogeny, genomics and paleontology. Cladistics is read by scientists working in the research fields of evolution, systematics and integrative biology and enjoys a consistently high position in the ISI® rankings for evolutionary biology.
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Issue Information Incomplete barriers to heterospecific mating among Somatochlora species (Odonata: Corduliidae) as revealed in multi-gene phylogenies Rethinking spatial history: envisioning a mechanistic historical biogeography Robust phylogenomics settles controversies of classification and reveals evolution of male embolic complex of the Laufeia clade (Araneae, Salticidae, Euophryini) Issue Information
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