Nurses' Experiences and Perspectives Caring for People With Substance Use Disorder and Their Families: A Qualitative Descriptive Study.

Abstract

Substance use disorder is a public health crisis that is a financial strain to many healthcare systems and communities, but more importantly, it costs lives. Nurses interact with people experiencing substance use disorders and their families in many settings. Nurses can provide insights into the experiences of working with this population. This descriptive qualitative study aimed to examine nurses' experiences and perspectives on caring for people with substance use disorder and their families. After receiving institutional review approval, purposive sampling was used to recruit registered nurses (n = 16) who worked in a variety of settings, and interviews were conducted. Constant comparison analysis was conducted concurrently with data collection until saturation was reached. Code development and refinement was an iterative process. Three themes were generated from the data. Personal Experiences Affect Professional Practice represented participants varied personal experiences and included two subthemes: Reflecting on Personal Experiences and Seeing the Person Beyond the Substance Use Disorder. A second theme is Professional Experiences Affect Professional Practice, which included two subthemes: Professional Experiences are Stressful and Rewarding and Substance Use Disorder Education Increases Confidence. Finally, Stigma Affects Substance Use Disorder Care is the third theme. Future implications range from the individual engaging in self-reflection, to nursing leadership establishing a framework to incorporate reflection and creating a culture that supports and reinforces these activities. The findings of this study support the need for stigma awareness/reduction education starting in undergraduate nursing programmes, throughout practice, with extension to inter-professional groups and the community.