Role of inpatient rehabilitation facility functional measures to predict community discharge after stroke.

Abstract

Background: This study investigated the association between stroke severity, functional status measured by the Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility-Patient Assessment Instrument (IRF-PAI), and community discharge from IRF.

Objectives: Aim one examined the association between National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores measured during the acute care stay and IRF admission functional status, measured by the admission IRF-PAI self-care and mobility functional measures, to deduce if functional measures can serve as a proxy for stroke severity. Aim two investigated the ability of the NIHSS and IRF-PAI admission functional measures to predict community discharge from IRF after stroke.

Design: Retrospective cohort study using electronic health records and Uniform Data System. Medical Record file data from January 1, 2018, to December 30, 2019.

Setting: Academic hospital-based IRF.

Participants: Five hundred forty-four patients transferred from acute care hospital to IRF after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Exclusion criteria included a transient ischemic attack, discharge against medical advice, death during IRF stay, or readmission to acute care within 48 hours of IRF admission.

Interventions: Not applicable.

Main outcome measures: Admission IRF-PAI self-care and mobility scores and discharge status from IRF.

Results: Of the 544 patients, 76.7% had community discharge. NIHSS scores were significantly associated with IRF-PAI admission self-care scores across each NIHSS stroke category. There was no statistically significant association between NIHSS and IRF-PAI admission mobility score. IRF admission self-care and mobility scores were each statistically significant predictors of community discharge (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.17; OR = 1.10, CI: 1.03-1.18, respectively). NIHSS scores were not a statistically significant predictor of community discharge (OR = 0.70, CI: 0.47-1.04) from IRF.

Conclusions: IRF-PAI self-care functional measure is associated with the NIHSS and can serve as a proxy for stroke severity. IRF-PAI self-care and mobility measures each predict community discharge.