Investigation of the distribution and origin of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 in the swine production chain: A retrospective study of three farms in Thailand.

IF 1.7 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Veterinary World Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-04 DOI:10.14202/vetworld.2024.1722-1732
Tippawan Jantafong, Wimontiane Saenglub, Nattarun Chaisilp, Weena Paungpin, Thatsanee Tibkwang, Pattama Mutthi, Teerawin Bouma, Porntippa Lekcharoensuk
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Abstract

Background and aim: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV), is a global issue that affects Thai swine as well. In Thailand, PRRSV-2 predominates over PRRSV-1. The origin of PRRSV-1 transmission remains undiscovered. This study traced the source of infected pigs responsible for disease transmission among three pig-fattening farms and analyzed the spread of PRRSV-1.

Materials and methods: A total of 696 swine samples from breeding and pig-fattening farms in Thailand were screened for PRRSV using open reading frames (ORF7) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Positive samples were identified as PRRSV-1 using ORF5 RT-PCR. The analysis included the study of nucleotide homology, GP5 amino acid sequences, and N-linked glycosylation patterns to assess the spread of PRRSV-1 across these farms.

Results: Genetic examination identified 28 PRRSV-1-positive samples, of which 13 were chosen as representatives. These strains were categorized into three groups based on breeding farm pig houses and showed distinct distribution patterns across pig-fattening farms. Group 1 included piglets transferred from pig house A to Nakhon Pathom, Chonburi, and Sa Kaeo. Groups 2 and 3 showed transfers from pig houses F and H to Chonburi and Sa Kaeo farms. All 13 PRRSV-1 strains were categorized into PRRSV-1 subtype 1/clade H. N-linked glycosylation analysis revealed that nearly all PRRSV-1 strains exhibited a conserved glycosylation pattern at amino acid positions N37, N46, and N53. This pattern is consistent with the glycosylation profile of the previous Thai PRRSV-1 subtype 1/clade H.

Conclusion: The present study highlights the persistent presence of PRRSV-1 in Thai swine, which leads to sporadic outbreaks. The molecular genetic analysis identified three primary strain groups dispersed throughout the pig production system, emphasizing the importance of regular monitoring for new PRRSV strains in this herd. Understanding the PRRSV-1 distribution in swine farms is vital for veterinarians. This knowledge supports strategies for eradicating the virus and managing swine health effectively in Thailand.

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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒 1 在猪生产链中的分布和来源调查:对泰国三个农场的回顾性研究。
背景和目的:由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)引起的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是一个全球性问题,也影响到泰国的猪。在泰国,PRRSV-2 的发病率高于 PRRSV-1。PRRSV-1 的传播源仍未找到。本研究追踪了三个育肥猪场中导致疾病传播的受感染猪的来源,并分析了 PRRSV-1 的传播情况:使用开放阅读框(ORF7)反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对来自泰国种猪场和育肥猪场的 696 份猪样本进行了 PRRSV 检测。阳性样本通过 ORF5 RT-PCR 鉴定为 PRRSV-1。分析包括研究核苷酸同源性、GP5氨基酸序列和N-连接糖基化模式,以评估PRRSV-1在这些猪场的传播情况:基因检测确定了 28 个 PRRSV-1 阳性样本,其中 13 个样本被选为代表。根据种猪场猪舍的不同,这些毒株被分为三组,并在各育肥猪场呈现出不同的分布模式。第 1 组包括从 A 猪舍转入 Nakhon Pathom、Chonburi 和 Sa Kaeo 的仔猪。第 2 组和第 3 组是从 F 和 H 猪舍转入春武里府和沙缴农场的仔猪。所有 13 株 PRRSV-1 株系都被归入 PRRSV-1 亚型 1/clade H。N-连接糖基化分析表明,几乎所有 PRRSV-1 株系在 N37、N46 和 N53 氨基酸位点都表现出保守的糖基化模式。这一模式与之前泰国 PRRSV-1 亚型 1/clade H 的糖基化模式一致:本研究强调了 PRRSV-1 在泰国猪群中的持续存在,并导致了零星的疫情爆发。分子遗传分析确定了三个主要毒株群,它们分散在整个养猪生产系统中,强调了定期监测猪群中新的 PRRSV 毒株的重要性。了解 PRRSV-1 在猪场的分布情况对兽医来说至关重要。这些知识有助于在泰国根除病毒和有效管理猪群健康的策略。
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来源期刊
Veterinary World
Veterinary World Multiple-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
12.50%
发文量
317
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Veterinary World publishes high quality papers focusing on Veterinary and Animal Science. The fields of study are bacteriology, parasitology, pathology, virology, immunology, mycology, public health, biotechnology, meat science, fish diseases, nutrition, gynecology, genetics, wildlife, laboratory animals, animal models of human infections, prion diseases and epidemiology. Studies on zoonotic and emerging infections are highly appreciated. Review articles are highly appreciated. All articles published by Veterinary World are made freely and permanently accessible online. All articles to Veterinary World are posted online immediately as they are ready for publication.
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