Patient-derived organoids in precision cancer medicine.

IF 12.8 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Med Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.medj.2024.08.010
Le Tong, Weiyingqi Cui, Boya Zhang, Pedro Fonseca, Qian Zhao, Ping Zhang, Beibei Xu, Qisi Zhang, Zhen Li, Brinton Seashore-Ludlow, Ying Yang, Longlong Si, Andreas Lundqvist
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Abstract

Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) cultures, normally derived from stem cells, that replicate the complex structure and function of human tissues. They offer a physiologically relevant model to address important questions in cancer research. The generation of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) from various human cancers allows for deeper insights into tumor heterogeneity and spatial organization. Additionally, interrogating non-tumor stromal cells increases the relevance in studying the tumor microenvironment, thereby enhancing the relevance of PDOs in personalized medicine. PDOs mark a significant advancement in cancer research and patient care, signifying a shift toward more innovative and patient-centric approaches. This review covers aspects of PDO cultures to address the modeling of the tumor microenvironment, including extracellular matrices, air-liquid interface and microfluidic cultures, and organ-on-chip. Specifically, the role of PDOs as preclinical models in gene editing, molecular profiling, drug testing, and biomarker discovery and their potential for guiding personalized treatment in clinical practice are discussed.

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癌症精准医疗中的患者衍生器官组织。
有机体是一种三维(3D)培养物,通常来源于干细胞,能复制人体组织的复杂结构和功能。它们为解决癌症研究中的重要问题提供了一个生理相关模型。从各种人类癌症中生成患者衍生的器官组织(PDOs),可以更深入地了解肿瘤的异质性和空间组织。此外,对非肿瘤基质细胞的研究增加了研究肿瘤微环境的相关性,从而提高了 PDOs 在个性化医疗中的相关性。PDO标志着癌症研究和患者护理的重大进展,标志着向更具创新性和以患者为中心的方法转变。本综述涵盖了PDO培养的各个方面,以解决肿瘤微环境建模问题,包括细胞外基质、气液界面和微流控培养以及芯片器官。具体来说,本文讨论了 PDO 作为临床前模型在基因编辑、分子剖析、药物测试和生物标记物发现中的作用,以及它们在临床实践中指导个性化治疗的潜力。
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来源期刊
Med
Med MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
17.70
自引率
0.60%
发文量
102
期刊介绍: Med is a flagship medical journal published monthly by Cell Press, the global publisher of trusted and authoritative science journals including Cell, Cancer Cell, and Cell Reports Medicine. Our mission is to advance clinical research and practice by providing a communication forum for the publication of clinical trial results, innovative observations from longitudinal cohorts, and pioneering discoveries about disease mechanisms. The journal also encourages thought-leadership discussions among biomedical researchers, physicians, and other health scientists and stakeholders. Our goal is to improve health worldwide sustainably and ethically. Med publishes rigorously vetted original research and cutting-edge review and perspective articles on critical health issues globally and regionally. Our research section covers clinical case reports, first-in-human studies, large-scale clinical trials, population-based studies, as well as translational research work with the potential to change the course of medical research and improve clinical practice.
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