Classifying compounds as prebiotics — scientific perspectives and recommendations

IF 45.9 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI:10.1038/s41575-024-00981-6
Robert Hutkins, Jens Walter, Glenn R. Gibson, Cassandre Bedu-Ferrari, Karen Scott, Daniel J. Tancredi, Anisha Wijeyesekera, Mary Ellen Sanders
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Abstract

Microbiomes provide key contributions to health and potentially important therapeutic targets. Conceived nearly 30 years ago, the prebiotic concept posits that targeted modulation of host microbial communities through the provision of selectively utilized growth substrates provides an effective approach to improving health. Although the basic tenets of this concept remain the same, it is timely to address certain challenges pertaining to prebiotics, including establishing that prebiotic-induced microbiota modulation causes the health outcome, determining which members within a complex microbial community directly utilize specific substrates in vivo and when those microbial effects sufficiently satisfy selectivity requirements, and clarification of the scientific principles on which the term ‘prebiotic’ is predicated to inspire proper use. In this Expert Recommendation, we provide a framework for the classification of compounds as prebiotics. We discuss ecological principles by which substrates modulate microbiomes and methodologies useful for characterizing such changes. We then propose statistical approaches that can be used to establish causal links between selective effects on the microbiome and health effects on the host, which can help address existing challenges. We use this information to provide the minimum criteria needed to classify compounds as prebiotics. Furthermore, communications to consumers and regulatory approaches to prebiotics worldwide are discussed.

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将化合物分类为益生元--科学视角和建议
微生物群对健康有重要贡献,也可能是重要的治疗目标。近 30 年前提出的益生元概念认为,通过提供选择性利用的生长基质,有针对性地调节宿主微生物群落,是改善健康的有效方法。虽然这一概念的基本原理没有改变,但现在是解决益生元相关挑战的时候了,这些挑战包括:确定益生元诱导的微生物群调节会导致健康结果;确定复杂微生物群落中哪些成员在体内直接利用特定底物,以及这些微生物效应何时足以满足选择性要求;澄清 "益生元 "这一术语所依据的科学原则,以便正确使用。在本专家建议中,我们为益生元化合物的分类提供了一个框架。我们讨论了底物调节微生物组的生态学原理以及表征此类变化的有用方法。然后,我们提出了统计方法,可用于建立微生物组的选择性效应与对宿主健康的影响之间的因果联系,这有助于应对现有的挑战。我们利用这些信息提供了将化合物归类为益生元所需的最低标准。此外,我们还讨论了与消费者的沟通以及全球对益生元的监管方法。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
52.30
自引率
0.60%
发文量
147
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology aims to serve as the leading resource for Reviews and commentaries within the scientific and medical communities it caters to. The journal strives to maintain authority, accessibility, and clarity in its published articles, which are complemented by easily understandable figures, tables, and other display items. Dedicated to providing exceptional service to authors, referees, and readers, the editorial team works diligently to maximize the usefulness and impact of each publication. The journal encompasses a wide range of content types, including Research Highlights, News & Views, Comments, Reviews, Perspectives, and Consensus Statements, all pertinent to gastroenterologists and hepatologists. With its broad scope, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology ensures that its articles reach a diverse audience, aiming for the widest possible dissemination of valuable information. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology is part of the Nature Reviews portfolio of journals.
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