Exploring the potential of selenium nanoparticles and fabricated selenium nanoparticles @vitamin C nanocomposite in mitigating nicotine-induced testicular toxicity in rats.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q3 TOXICOLOGY Toxicology Research Pub Date : 2024-09-30 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1093/toxres/tfae154

Rabab F Hindawy, Rana M M Refaat, Atef E Fouda, Mohamed A El-Shishtawy, Adarsh Kumar, Nagi M El-Shafai, Eman M Faruk, Ola E Nafea

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Abstract

Background: The tobacco epidemic signifies a major public health threat. Nicotine (NIC), a major active constituent in tobacco, impedes male fertility and semen quality. This work is implemented to explore the potential of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and the newly fabricated SeNPs @vitamin C (SeNPs@VITC) nanocomposite in mitigating testicular toxicity induced by NIC.

Materials and methods: The six groups of 48 adult Wistar rats were designed as follows: the control group injected intraperitoneally with normal saline, the SeNPs group treated orally with 2 mg/kg of SeNPs, the SeNPs@VITC nanocomposite group treated orally with 2 mg/kg of SeNPs@VITC nanocomposite, the NIC group injected intraperitoneally with 1.25 mL/kg of NIC, the NIC+ SeNPs group received SeNPs plus NIC, and the NIC+ SeNPs@VITC nanocomposite group received SeNPs@VITC nanocomposite plus NIC. Treatments were administered over a 28-day period.

Results: NIC treatment significantly caused poor sperm quality, decreased serum testosterone, increased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations, reduced hemoglobin levels, leukocytosis, disrupted testicular oxidant/antioxidant balance, and disorganized testicular structure. The construction of the novel SeNPs@VITC nanocomposite, compared to NIC plus SeNPs alone, demonstrated a more potent ameliorative effect on NIC-induced reproductive toxicity in adult rats. The SeNPs@VITC nanocomposite significantly increased sperm count, reduced the percentage of sperm head abnormalities, lowered both serum FSH and LH concentrations, and improved the hemoglobin response.

Conclusions: Both SeNPs and SeNPs@VITC nanocomposite alleviated the testicular toxicity induced by NIC, but the SeNPs@VITC nanocomposite exhibited superior efficacy. The SeNPs@VITC nanocomposite could be employed to advance enhanced therapeutic strategies for addressing male infertility.

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探索硒纳米颗粒和硒纳米颗粒 @ 维生素 C 纳米复合材料在减轻尼古丁诱导的大鼠睾丸毒性方面的潜力。

背景：烟草流行是一个重大的公共健康威胁。烟草中的主要活性成分尼古丁（NIC）会影响男性的生育能力和精液质量。本研究旨在探索硒纳米粒子（SeNPs）和新制备的 SeNPs @维生素 C（SeNPs@VITC）纳米复合材料在减轻尼古丁（NIC）诱导的睾丸毒性方面的潜力：以48只成年Wistar大鼠为研究对象，设计了六组实验：对照组腹腔注射生理盐水，SeNPs组口服2 mg/kg的SeNPs，SeNPs@VITC纳米复合材料组口服2 mg/kg的SeNPs@VITC纳米复合材料，NIC组腹腔注射1.25 mL/kg 的 NIC，NIC+ SeNPs 组接受 SeNPs 加 NIC，NIC+ SeNPs@VITC 纳米复合材料组接受 SeNPs@VITC 纳米复合材料加 NIC。治疗为期 28 天：结果：NIC 治疗明显导致精子质量差、血清睾酮降低、卵泡刺激素（FSH）和黄体生成素（LH）浓度升高、血红蛋白水平降低、白细胞增多、睾丸氧化剂/抗氧化剂平衡失调以及睾丸结构紊乱。新型 SeNPs@VITC 纳米复合材料的构建与单独使用 NIC 和 SeNPs 相比，对 NIC 诱导的成年大鼠生殖毒性具有更强的改善作用。SeNPs@VITC 纳米复合材料能显著增加精子数量，降低精子头部畸形的百分比，降低血清 FSH 和 LH 浓度，并改善血红蛋白反应：结论：SeNPs和SeNPs@VITC纳米复合材料都能减轻NIC诱导的睾丸毒性，但SeNPs@VITC纳米复合材料的疗效更好。SeNPs@VITC纳米复合材料可用于增强治疗男性不育症的策略。

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