GPCRs: emerging targets for novel T cell immune checkpoint therapy.

IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI:10.1007/s00262-024-03801-7
Kaitlyn Dickinson, Elliott J Yee, Isaac Vigil, Richard D Schulick, Yuwen Zhu
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Abstract

Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become the mainstay of treatment for advanced solid organ malignancies, success in revitalizing the host anticancer immune response remains limited. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a broad family of cell-surface proteins that have been regarded as main players in regulating the immune system, namely by mediating the activity of T lymphocytes. Among the most novel immunoregulatory GPCRs include GPR171, lysophosphatidic acid receptors (LPARs), GPR68, cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), and prostaglandin E receptors, many of which have shown promise in mediating antitumor response via activation of cytotoxic T cells, inhibiting immunosuppressive lymphocytes, and facilitating immune cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment across multiple types of cancers. This paper reviews our current understanding of some of the most novel GPCRs-their expression patterns, evolving roles within the immune system and cancer, potential therapeutic applications, and perspective for future investigation.

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GPCR:新型 T 细胞免疫检查点疗法的新兴靶点。
尽管免疫检查点阻断疗法(ICB)已成为晚期实体器官恶性肿瘤的主要治疗方法,但在重振宿主抗癌免疫反应方面取得的成功仍然有限。G 蛋白偶联受体(GPCRs)是一个广泛的细胞表面蛋白家族,一直被认为是调节免疫系统的主要角色,即通过介导 T 淋巴细胞的活性。最新颖的免疫调节GPCR包括GPR171、溶血磷脂酸受体(LPARs)、GPR68、大麻素受体2(CB2)和前列腺素E受体,其中许多都有望通过激活细胞毒性T细胞、抑制免疫抑制淋巴细胞和促进免疫细胞在多种类型癌症的肿瘤微环境中浸润来介导抗肿瘤反应。本文回顾了我们目前对一些最新型 GPCRs 的了解--它们的表达模式、在免疫系统和癌症中不断演变的作用、潜在的治疗应用以及未来研究的前景。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
1.70%
发文量
207
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy has the basic aim of keeping readers informed of the latest research results in the fields of oncology and immunology. As knowledge expands, the scope of the journal has broadened to include more of the progress being made in the areas of biology concerned with biological response modifiers. This helps keep readers up to date on the latest advances in our understanding of tumor-host interactions. The journal publishes short editorials including "position papers," general reviews, original articles, and short communications, providing a forum for the most current experimental and clinical advances in tumor immunology.
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