Changes in the Liver Function and Hematological Parameters in Dengue Patients at a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Abstract

Introduction: Liver is most commonly affected in dengue often resulting in changes in the liver function test parameters. Alterations in hematological parameters are also reported which could serve as early prognostic markers especially in resource limited settings where serological tests for the diagnosis of dengue is not available. This study aims to analyze liver function test and hematological parameter changes in dengue infected patients.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to October 2023 in serologically dengue positive patients. Liver function parameters and blood parameters were analyzed from 220 patients. The purposive sampling technique was employed during the selection of participants.

Results: Out of 220 study participants, 113 (51.36%) were males and 107 (49.64%) were females. The median age of the participants was 35 years (IQR: 26 - 48 years). Elevated serum AST and ALT levels were present in 121 (55%) and 80 (36.36%) of the participants respectively. Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia were observed in 92 (41.82%) and 88 (40%) of the study participants respectively. The median hemoglobin level was 14.4 (IQR: 13-15.47) g/dl. Low hemoglobin level was found in 31 (14.09%) participants. The median red blood cell count was 4.91 (IQR: 4.49 - 5.28) millions/mm3 with decreased red blood cell count noted in 27 (12.27%) participants.

Conclusions: Increased serum transaminases levels, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia are common laboratory findings in dengue patients.