Frequency of KRAS and BRAF mutations in colorectal carcinoma and their association with clinical-pathological characteristics in a tertiary hospital in Kenya.
Samuel Gakinya, Allan Njau, Abdulkarim Abdallah, Ancent Nzioka, James Ogutu
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Colorectal carcinoma is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality globally. Its management includes the use of targeted therapy which require assessment for biomarkers to choose eligible patients. KRAS and BRAF mutations are biomarkers predictive of response to anti-EGFR therapy. This study aimed at determining the frequency of BRAF V600E and KRAS exon 2,3,4 mutations in colorectal carcinoma patients at the Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi, Kenya.
Methods: Study participants were patients who had colectomy for colorectal carcinoma. They were identified from the laboratory information system. The patients age, gender and tumor location were determined from the medical records. The histological diagnosis, pathological tumor and nodal stage were confirmed by examining hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides prepared from the colectomy specimen. DNA was extracted from the specimens using Qiagen QIAamp DNA FFPE Tissue Kit and PCR performed using EntroGen KRAS/BRAF mutation analysis kit following manufacturer's protocol.
Results: One hundred fourteen patients were enrolled. Colorectal carcinoma was significantly more common in males than females. The mean age at diagnosis was 58 years. Majority of the tumors were in the right colon, were of pathological tumor stage T3 and had nodal involvement. Forty six percent (46%) of the cases had KRAS mutations while 5.3% had BRAF V600E mutation. KRAS mutation was associated with a high pathological tumor stage and nodal involvement.
Conclusion: Colorectal carcinoma in our patients is more common in males and tend to occur at a younger age. The patients tend to have a high tumor pathological stage and nodal involvement at diagnosis. The high frequency of KRAS exon 2,3,4 mutation and low frequency of BRAF V600E mutations is similar to what has been reported in literature.
期刊介绍:
Frontiers in Medicine publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research linking basic research to clinical practice and patient care, as well as translating scientific advances into new therapies and diagnostic tools. Led by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts, this multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
In addition to papers that provide a link between basic research and clinical practice, a particular emphasis is given to studies that are directly relevant to patient care. In this spirit, the journal publishes the latest research results and medical knowledge that facilitate the translation of scientific advances into new therapies or diagnostic tools. The full listing of the Specialty Sections represented by Frontiers in Medicine is as listed below. As well as the established medical disciplines, Frontiers in Medicine is launching new sections that together will facilitate
- the use of patient-reported outcomes under real world conditions
- the exploitation of big data and the use of novel information and communication tools in the assessment of new medicines
- the scientific bases for guidelines and decisions from regulatory authorities
- access to medicinal products and medical devices worldwide
- addressing the grand health challenges around the world