Current approaches to the identification and management of gambling disorder: a narrative review to inform clinical practice in Australia and New Zealand

IF 6.7 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Medical Journal of Australia Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI:10.5694/mja2.52471
Simone N Rodda, Stephanie S Merkouris, Nicki A Dowling
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当前识别和管理赌博障碍的方法:为澳大利亚和新西兰临床实践提供信息的叙述性综述。
在《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》(DSM-5)中,赌博障碍是一种公认的精神障碍,与酒精和药物使用障碍一样被归类为成瘾。DSM-5 描述了过去一年的时间范围、发作性或持续性特征、早期或持续缓解特征,以及三种赌博障碍严重程度特征(轻度、中度和重度)。虽然任何人都可能患上赌博障碍,但也有一些已知的风险因素。在涉及普通成年人群的研究中,患上赌博失调症的可能性因赌博类型而异,尤其是网络赌博、赌场桌面游戏和扑克机。澳大利亚和新西兰已将赌博失调的重点转移到赌博危害的识别上,因为认识到以预防危害为目标的努力可能会更有效,因为它们可能会影响更大范围的人群。赌博危害的时间类别(危机危害和遗留危害)会影响求助和治疗需求。危机伤害往往促使人们改变行为或寻求帮助,而治疗则是针对遗留伤害,即在赌博行为停止后出现或继续出现的伤害。证据基础和临床指南推荐认知行为疗法和动机访谈法,但我们对赌博障碍治疗的认识还存在许多差距,包括缺乏对长期治疗效果进行评估的高质量评价,尤其是在社区环境中进行的治疗。此外,我们还迫切需要了解治疗如何、为何以及对谁有效,以便根据个人需求优化干预措施,从而促进客户的参与。由于获得医疗保健的机会有限,而且治疗效果不佳,近年来,以互联网疗法和智能手机应用为形式的治疗选择越来越多。
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来源期刊
Medical Journal of Australia
Medical Journal of Australia 医学-医学:内科
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
5.30%
发文量
410
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Medical Journal of Australia (MJA) stands as Australia's foremost general medical journal, leading the dissemination of high-quality research and commentary to shape health policy and influence medical practices within the country. Under the leadership of Professor Virginia Barbour, the expert editorial team at MJA is dedicated to providing authors with a constructive and collaborative peer-review and publication process. Established in 1914, the MJA has evolved into a modern journal that upholds its founding values, maintaining a commitment to supporting the medical profession by delivering high-quality and pertinent information essential to medical practice.
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