Immuno-protective effect of commercial IBD vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens.

IF 1.5 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Journal of Veterinary Science Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI:10.4142/jvs.23297
Hayatuddeen Bako Aliyu, Tasiu Mallam Hamisu, Mohd Hair-Bejo, Abdul Rahman Omar, Aini Ideris
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Abstract

Importance: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an important viral poultry disease that vaccination can control.

Objective: This study examined the immune protection of immune-complex (Vaccine A) and attenuated live (Vaccine B) IBD vaccines in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens against a novel Malaysian variant IBD virus (vaIBDV) challenge.

Methods: One-day-old (n =75) SPF chickens were divided randomly into the following three groups of 25 chicks each: Control, Vaccine A, and Vaccine B groups. The vaIBDV strain, UPM1432/2019, was used for the challenge at 21 and 28days post-vaccination (dpv). Five birds from unchallenged and challenged groups were sacrificed seven days post-challenge, and blood, bursa, spleen, and cloacal swabs were collected. The IBD antibodies (Abs), lymphoid lesions, and viral load were determined.

Results: The UPM1432/2019 virus induced bursal damage in vaccinated SPF chickens despite Ab titers. The mean Ab titers of the Vaccine A challenged group were significantly lower (p < 0.002) than in the unchallenged group at 28 dpv. The bursal indices of the vaccinated unchallenged groups did not differ significantly from those of the vaccinated challenged groups (p = 0.94). Microscopically, the bursae of the challenged groups showed significant atrophy. The bursal lesion score was higher (p < 0.05) in the control and Vaccine B challenged groups than the Vaccine A challenged group. The challenged group had a higher viral load than the vaccinated groups (p < 0.001).

Conclusions and relevance: Neither vaccine fully protected against a vaIBDV challenge, highlighting the limitations of current vaccines and the need for further research.

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商用法氏囊病疫苗对新出现的新型变异传染性法氏囊病病毒的免疫保护作用。
重要性:传染性法氏囊病(IBD)是一种重要的病毒性家禽疾病,接种疫苗可对其进行控制:本研究考察了免疫复合物(疫苗 A)和减毒活疫苗(疫苗 B)对无特异性病原(SPF)鸡的免疫保护作用,以应对新型马来西亚变异型 IBD 病毒(vaIBDV)的挑战:将一天龄(n = 75)的 SPF 鸡随机分为以下三组,每组 25 只:对照组、疫苗 A 组和疫苗 B 组。在疫苗接种后 21 天和 28 天(dpv),使用 vaIBDV 株 UPM1432/2019 进行挑战。未挑战组和挑战组的五只鸡在挑战后七天处死,并采集血液、法氏囊、脾脏和泄殖腔拭子。结果表明:UPM1432/2019 病毒对鸡群的影响是显著的:结果:UPM1432/2019病毒会诱发接种SPF鸡法氏囊损伤,尽管Ab滴度很高。28 dpv时,疫苗A挑战组的平均抗体滴度明显低于未挑战组(p < 0.002)。接种过疫苗的未挑战组与接种过疫苗的挑战组的法氏囊指数没有明显差异(p = 0.94)。显微镜下,受挑战组的法氏囊明显萎缩。对照组和疫苗 B 挑战组的滑囊病变评分高于疫苗 A 挑战组(p < 0.05)。挑战组的病毒载量高于接种组(p < 0.001):两种疫苗都不能完全抵御 vaIBDV 的挑战,这突出了当前疫苗的局限性和进一步研究的必要性。
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来源期刊
Journal of Veterinary Science
Journal of Veterinary Science 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
5.60%
发文量
86
审稿时长
1.3 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Veterinary Science (J Vet Sci) is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of scientific knowledge concerning veterinary sciences and related academic disciplines. It is an international journal indexed in the Thomson Scientific Web of Science, SCI-EXPANDED, Sci Search, BIOSIS Previews, Biological Abstracts, Focus on: Veterinary Science & Medicine, Zoological Record, PubMed /MEDLINE, Index Medicus, Pubmed Central, CAB Abstracts / Index Veterinarius, EBSCO, AGRIS and AGRICOLA. This journal published in English by the Korean Society of Veterinary Science (KSVS) being distributed worldwide.
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