Smoking Status and Premature Death Among Japanese Rural Community-Dwelling Persons.

IF 2.1 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Tobacco Use Insights Pub Date : 2024-10-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1177/1179173X241275881
Ryuichi Kawamoto, Asuka Kikuchi, Daisuke Ninomiya, Masanori Abe, Teru Kumagi
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Abstract

Background: Smoking status is known to be an independent and significant predictor of health outcomes related to aging and plays a crucial role in overall mortality rates. This cohort study investigated the relationship between smoking status and survival outcomes over follow-up periods of 9 and 21 years. Methods: The sample consisted of 3526 participants with a mean age of 64 ± 12 years, 44.1% of whom were male. The median follow-up duration was 6315 days, with an interquartile range of 3441 to 7727 days. Smoking status [i.e., Brinkmann index (BI)] was calculated by multiplying the number of years smoked by the number of cigarettes smoked daily. Based on this, participants were categorized into non-smokers, former smokers, and current smokers. The data were analyzed using Cox regression, employing age as the time variable and accounting for various risk factors. Results: A total of 1111 participants (49.2%) were confirmed to have died. Among these, 564 were male (36.2% of all male participants), and 547 were female (27.8% of all female participants). The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for all-cause mortality compared with never-smokers was 1.51 (1.17-1.96) for former smokers with BI > 800, 1.61 (1.20-2.17) for current smokers with BI of 400-799 and 1.62 (95% CI, 1.24-2.10) with BI of ≥800 (P for trend <0.001). Participants who died within three years of follow-up were excluded to avoid the possibility of reverse causation, but the results were essentially unchanged. Conclusion: We found that the BI is a valid predictor of future mortality risk and that BI 800 for former smokers and BI 400 for current smokers were useful cutoff values. Efforts to control smoking should focus not only on current smokers but also on former smokers to reduce the risk of premature death associated with smoking.

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日本农村社区居民的吸烟状况与过早死亡。
背景:众所周知,吸烟状况是预测与老龄化相关的健康状况的一个独立而重要的因素,在总体死亡率中起着至关重要的作用。这项队列研究调查了吸烟状况与随访 9 年和 21 年的生存结果之间的关系。研究方法样本包括 3526 名参与者,平均年龄为 64 ± 12 岁,其中 44.1% 为男性。随访时间的中位数为 6315 天,四分位数范围为 3441 天至 7727 天。吸烟状况[即布林克曼指数(BI)]的计算方法是吸烟年数乘以每日吸烟支数。据此,参与者被分为非吸烟者、曾经吸烟者和目前吸烟者。数据采用 Cox 回归法进行分析,以年龄作为时间变量,并考虑各种风险因素。结果共有 1111 名参与者(49.2%)确认死亡。其中男性 564 人(占所有男性参与者的 36.2%),女性 547 人(占所有女性参与者的 27.8%)。与从不吸烟者相比,BI > 800 的前吸烟者全因死亡率的多变量调整后的几率比(95% 置信区间)为 1.51(1.17-1.96),BI 为 400-799 的现吸烟者为 1.61(1.20-2.17),BI ≥ 800 的为 1.62(95% CI,1.24-2.10)(P 为趋势结论):我们发现,BI 是预测未来死亡风险的有效指标,曾经吸烟者的 BI 值为 800,目前吸烟者的 BI 值为 400 是有用的临界值。控烟工作不仅应关注当前吸烟者,还应关注曾经吸烟者,以降低与吸烟相关的过早死亡风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Tobacco Use Insights
Tobacco Use Insights PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
自引率
4.50%
发文量
32
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊最新文献
Predictors of Successful Tobacco Cessation After Receiving an E-Cigarette Based Smoking Cessation Intervention. Prospective Association Between Tobacco Use and at-Risk Alcohol Consumption Among Swedish Adolescents: Outlining the Influence of Tobacco Product, Frequency of Use and Gender in the LoRDIA Cohort. The Irish Smoking Ban Legislation, Astride the Celtic Tiger, Trail-Blazed a Can-Do Tobacco Control Culture. Cigarette Smoking, Mental Health, Depression, Maryland Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey, 2020. Smoking Status and Premature Death Among Japanese Rural Community-Dwelling Persons.
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