Implications of genetic attributions for addiction among addiction professionals

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Journal of psychiatric research Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.09.050
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Abstract

Given increasing emphasis on understanding the role of genes in the etiology of addictive disorders, the present study aimed to investigate the implications of genetic explanations of addiction for attitudes and beliefs about patients among addiction treatment providers. Participants were recruited from addiction-related professional organizations. The sample included professionals with medical backgrounds (n = 153) and with nonmedical backgrounds (n = 232). They viewed a description of a fictitious patient with either alcohol use disorder or gambling disorder, which was experimentally varied to indicate the presence or absence of a genetic cause. They completed measures of their genetic attributions for the patient's symptoms as well as their attitudes and beliefs about the patient. The presence of a genetic explanation increased genetic attribution ratings but did not significantly affect other measured variables. However, participants' genetic attributions for the patient's symptoms were associated with significantly lower ascriptions of blame to the patient and greater belief in the effectiveness of medication, but also with reduced confidence in the effectiveness of psychotherapy and with pessimism about the patient's prognosis. Geneticized, biomedical conceptualizations of addiction may have implications for treatment providers' attitudes toward patients.
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遗传因素对成瘾专业人员的影响。
鉴于人们越来越重视了解基因在成瘾性疾病病因学中的作用,本研究旨在调查成瘾的基因解释对成瘾治疗提供者对患者的态度和信念的影响。参与者是从与成瘾相关的专业组织中招募的。样本包括具有医学背景的专业人员(n = 153)和非医学背景的专业人员(n = 232)。他们观看了对患有酒精使用障碍或赌博障碍的虚构病人的描述,该描述通过实验变化来表示遗传原因的存在或不存在。他们完成了对病人症状的遗传归因以及对病人的态度和信念的测量。遗传解释的存在提高了遗传归因的评分,但对其他测量变量没有显著影响。然而,参与者对患者症状的遗传归因与对患者的自责明显降低、对药物治疗效果的信心增强相关,但同时也与对心理治疗效果的信心降低和对患者预后的悲观情绪有关。对成瘾的遗传学和生物医学概念可能会影响治疗提供者对病人的态度。
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来源期刊
Journal of psychiatric research
Journal of psychiatric research 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
2.10%
发文量
622
审稿时长
130 days
期刊介绍: Founded in 1961 to report on the latest work in psychiatry and cognate disciplines, the Journal of Psychiatric Research is dedicated to innovative and timely studies of four important areas of research: (1) clinical studies of all disciplines relating to psychiatric illness, as well as normal human behaviour, including biochemical, physiological, genetic, environmental, social, psychological and epidemiological factors; (2) basic studies pertaining to psychiatry in such fields as neuropsychopharmacology, neuroendocrinology, electrophysiology, genetics, experimental psychology and epidemiology; (3) the growing application of clinical laboratory techniques in psychiatry, including imagery and spectroscopy of the brain, molecular biology and computer sciences;
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