The effect of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use on vaccine acceptance, uptake, and adherence: a systematic review.

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 SUBSTANCE ABUSE Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI:10.1093/alcalc/agae057

Eva M Havelka, Jenna E Sanfilippo, Paul L Juneau, Garrick Sherman, Diane Cooper, Lorenzo Leggio

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Abstract

Background: Vaccine hesitancy is increasingly recognized as a health challenge affecting populations worldwide. Given the biological vulnerabilities and structural barriers people who use substances and/or have behavioral addictions face, this systematic review aims to evaluate whether this subpopulation is less prone to adhere to vaccination recommendations.

Methods: Electronic searches of published original research were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and PsycINFO from database inception to December 2022. Our strategy encompassed retrievals regardless of languages and date of publication. Animal studies, abstracts without a full manuscript, and studies which were considered to have lower robustness of scientific evidence were excluded. Outcomes measured were vaccine acceptance, uptake, and adherence. Results were interpreted through a narrative synthesis.

Results: The search yielded 103 retrievals encompassing data collected on 5 576 374 persons who were predominantly residents of Europe (n = 39) and North America (n = 27). Tobacco use, the substance for which many studies were found (n = 91), was significantly associated with poorer vaccine acceptance, uptake and adherence for influenza, COVID-19, human papillomavirus (HPV), and maternal and childhood vaccines. Peri-natal and parental substance use was identified as a risk factor for suboptimal vaccine-related outcomes concerning maternal COVID-19 and childhood vaccines. Finally, people identified as 'using', 'abusing', or 'misusing' drugs or substances may be at decreased odds of all outcomes in various vaccines.

Conclusions: Collectively, the studies identified several groups with statistically significant greater vaccine hesitancy and decreased engagement among whom targeted measures could be beneficial. Timely evidence, especially on behavioral addictions and substances besides tobacco, is lacking, and warrants urgent attention.

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酒精、烟草和其他药物的使用对疫苗接受、吸收和坚持的影响：系统综述。

背景：越来越多的人认识到，疫苗接种犹豫不决是影响全球人口健康的一个挑战。考虑到使用药物和/或有行为成瘾的人面临的生物脆弱性和结构性障碍，本系统综述旨在评估这一亚人群是否更不容易遵守疫苗接种建议：从数据库建立到 2022 年 12 月，我们在 PubMed、EMBASE、Scopus 和 PsycINFO 中对已发表的原创研究进行了电子检索。我们的检索策略不考虑语言和发表日期。排除了动物研究、没有完整手稿的摘要以及被认为科学证据可靠性较低的研究。衡量的结果包括疫苗的接受度、吸收率和依从性。结果通过叙述性综述进行解释：搜索共检索到 103 项数据，涉及 5 576 374 人，这些人主要居住在欧洲（39 人）和北美（27 人）。烟草是许多研究都涉及的物质（n = 91），烟草使用与流感、COVID-19、人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）、母体和儿童疫苗的接受度、接种率和依从性显著相关。围产期和父母使用药物被认为是导致母体 COVID-19 和儿童疫苗接种效果不理想的风险因素。最后，被认定为 "使用"、"滥用 "或 "误用 "药物或物质的人可能会降低各种疫苗的所有结果：总之，这些研究发现了几个在统计意义上有较大疫苗接种犹豫和接种率下降的群体，在这些群体中采取有针对性的措施可能是有益的。目前还缺乏及时的证据，尤其是关于行为成瘾和烟草以外的物质的证据，因此亟需关注。

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来源期刊

Alcohol and alcoholism 医学-药物滥用

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： About the Journal Alcohol and Alcoholism publishes papers on the biomedical, psychological, and sociological aspects of alcoholism and alcohol research, provided that they make a new and significant contribution to knowledge in the field. Papers include new results obtained experimentally, descriptions of new experimental (including clinical) methods of importance to the field of alcohol research and treatment, or new interpretations of existing results. Theoretical contributions are considered equally with papers dealing with experimental work provided that such theoretical contributions are not of a largely speculative or philosophical nature.