Understanding Mosquito Faunal Diversity: An Approach to Assess the Burden of Vector-Borne Diseases in Three Representative Topographies (Rural, Urban, and Peri-Urban) of Ganjam District in Odisha State, India.

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Journal of Tropical Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-28 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2024/9701356
Deepika Panda, Rabi Sankar Pandit, Bijayalaxmi Sahu, Raghavendra Kamaraju, Tapan Kumar Barik
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Abstract

Mosquitoes are the best-known disease vectors for most vector-borne diseases that significantly impact global health in terms of morbidity and mortality. In a geographical area, mosquito faunal diversity often alters with changing climatic factors and variable breeding habitats that differ across seasons. Using biodiversity indicators as tools, a study was conducted in rural, peri-urban, and urban areas of district Ganjam, Odisha state, to determine mosquito faunal diversity as an approach to forecast the possible risk of disease transmission in the three representative topographies. A two-year study was undertaken to assess the alpha diversity of mosquito species by the numerical strength of the species using various eco-diversity indices. Species richness and abundance of mosquito species are significantly higher in peri-urban areas compared to urban and rural areas. The species dominance of Culex quinquefasciatus was observed in all three topographies, while Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Anopheles stephensi were in urban areas. Species richness may dilute the risk of disease in an area, but increased species dominance, mostly vector species, in a new habitat often allows pathogens to infect newer communities at risk, leading to the emergence of new diseases. The current study indicates the possible risk of lymphatic filariasis (LF) infection in all three topographies. On the other hand, the risk of malaria and dengue/chikungunya transmission is higher in urban areas. With routine entomological monitoring, including vector incrimination, the biodiversity indicators will be the best tool to forecast the risk of vector-borne diseases in an area; accordingly, judicious vector control strategies can be adopted.

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了解蚊虫动物多样性:印度奥迪沙邦甘贾姆区三种代表性地形(农村、城市和城市周边)中病媒传播疾病负担的评估方法。
蚊子是大多数病媒传播疾病最著名的病媒,这些疾病的发病率和死亡率对全球健康产生了重大影响。在一个地理区域内,蚊子的动物多样性往往会随着气候因素的变化和不同季节的不同繁殖生境而改变。以生物多样性指标为工具,在奥迪沙邦甘贾姆地区的农村、城市周边和城市地区开展了一项研究,以确定蚊子动物多样性,从而预测三种代表性地形中可能存在的疾病传播风险。这项为期两年的研究利用各种生态多样性指数,通过物种的数量强度来评估蚊子物种的阿尔法多样性。与城市和农村地区相比,城郊地区的蚊子物种丰富度和丰度明显较高。在所有三种地形中都观察到了库蚊的物种优势,而埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊和史蒂芬按蚊则出现在城市地区。物种的丰富性可能会稀释一个地区的疾病风险,但在新的栖息地,物种优势(主要是病媒物种)的增加往往会使病原体感染新的风险群落,导致新疾病的出现。目前的研究表明,在所有三种地形中都可能存在感染淋巴丝虫病(LF)的风险。另一方面,疟疾和登革热/奇昆古尼亚病毒传播的风险在城市地区更高。通过常规昆虫学监测(包括病媒鉴别),生物多样性指标将成为预测一个地区病媒传播疾病风险的最佳工具;因此,可以采取明智的病媒控制策略。
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来源期刊
Journal of Tropical Medicine
Journal of Tropical Medicine Immunology and Microbiology-Parasitology
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
4.50%
发文量
0
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Tropical Medicine is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies on all aspects of tropical diseases. Articles on the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of tropical diseases, parasites and their hosts, epidemiology, and public health issues will be considered. Journal of Tropical Medicine aims to facilitate the communication of advances addressing global health and mortality relating to tropical diseases.
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