A study of long-term supraphysiologic-dose anabolic-androgenic steroid use on cognitive function in middle-aged men.

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI:10.1080/00952990.2024.2403582
Marc J Kaufman, James I Hudson, Gen Kanayama, Samantha Muse, Jiana Schnabel, Rosalind Sokoll, Harrison G Pope
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Abstract

Background: Long-term use of supraphysiologic doses of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) has been associated with impaired visuospatial memory in young men but little is known about its cognitive effects in middle-aged men.Objectives: We compared cognition in middle-aged men with histories of long-term AAS use and age-matched non-users.Methods: We administered cognitive tests from the CANTAB battery to 76 weightlifters aged 37-60 years (mean [SD] 48.5 [6.5] years), of whom 51 reported at least 2 years of cumulative AAS use and 25 reported no AAS exposure.Results: We found no significant AAS user versus non-user group differences on visuospatial, verbal memory, emotional recognition, or executive function tasks (corrected p's ≥ .00089; effect sizes ≤ .5).Conclusions: Our null visuospatial task findings contrast with our prior younger cohort study (mean age 37.1 [7.1] years), in which we found impaired visuospatial task performance in people who use AAS, and with other reports of cognitive impairments in younger men use AAS. Men who use AAS may develop early visuospatial memory deficits that stabilize by middle age while middle-aged non-users' performance may "catch up" due to normal age-related visuospatial declines. Similar effects could contribute to our null findings on other tasks. Between-study cohort substance use differences or environmental factor differences that modify cognition, such as study geographical location and time of year, also could contribute to our discordant findings. Since young adult male AAS users experience increased mortality from unnatural causes, improving our understanding of AAS cognitive effects in this age group is important.

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一项关于中年男性长期服用超生理剂量合成代谢雄性类固醇对认知功能影响的研究。
背景:长期使用超生理剂量的合成代谢雄性类固醇(AAS)与年轻男性视觉空间记忆受损有关,但对其对中年男性认知的影响却知之甚少:目的:我们比较了有长期服用 AAS 史的中年男性与年龄匹配的非服用者的认知能力:我们对年龄在 37-60 岁(平均 [SD] 48.5 [6.5] 岁)的 76 名举重运动员进行了 CANTAB 测试中的认知测试,其中 51 人报告至少有 2 年的 AAS 累积使用史,25 人报告未接触过 AAS:结果:我们发现,在视觉空间、言语记忆、情绪识别或执行功能任务上,AAS使用者与非使用者组之间没有明显差异(校正P≥0.00089;效应大小≤0.5):我们的视觉空间任务无效研究结果与我们之前的年轻队列研究(平均年龄为 37.1 [7.1] 岁)形成了鲜明对比,在该研究中,我们发现使用雌激素的人的视觉空间任务表现受损,这也与其他关于使用雌激素的年轻男性认知障碍的报告形成了鲜明对比。使用安非他明类兴奋剂的男性可能在早期就出现了视觉空间记忆缺陷,到中年时这种缺陷趋于稳定,而未使用安非他明类兴奋剂的中年男性的表现则可能因与年龄相关的正常视觉空间能力下降而 "迎头赶上"。类似的影响也可能导致我们在其他任务上的结论为空。研究队列之间的药物使用差异或改变认知的环境因素差异,如研究的地理位置和时间,也可能导致我们的研究结果不一致。由于AAS的年轻男性使用者因非正常原因导致的死亡率增加,因此提高我们对AAS对这一年龄组的认知影响的认识非常重要。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
68
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse (AJDAA) is an international journal published six times per year and provides an important and stimulating venue for the exchange of ideas between the researchers working in diverse areas, including public policy, epidemiology, neurobiology, and the treatment of addictive disorders. AJDAA includes a wide range of translational research, covering preclinical and clinical aspects of the field. AJDAA covers these topics with focused data presentations and authoritative reviews of timely developments in our field. Manuscripts exploring addictions other than substance use disorders are encouraged. Reviews and Perspectives of emerging fields are given priority consideration. Areas of particular interest include: public health policy; novel research methodologies; human and animal pharmacology; human translational studies, including neuroimaging; pharmacological and behavioral treatments; new modalities of care; molecular and family genetic studies; medicinal use of substances traditionally considered substances of abuse.
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