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{"title":"Mitochondrial Function and Dysfunction in White Adipocytes and Therapeutic Implications.","authors":"Fenfen Wang, Phu M Huynh, Yu A An","doi":"10.1002/cphy.c230009","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For a long time, white adipocytes were thought to function as lipid storages due to the sizeable unilocular lipid droplet that occupies most of their space. However, recent discoveries have highlighted the critical role of white adipocytes in maintaining energy homeostasis and contributing to obesity and related metabolic diseases. These physiological and pathological functions depend heavily on the mitochondria that reside in white adipocytes. This article aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the recent research on the function and dysfunction of white adipocyte mitochondria. After briefly summarizing the fundamental aspects of mitochondrial biology, the article describes the protective role of functional mitochondria in white adipocyte and white adipose tissue health and various roles of dysfunctional mitochondria in unhealthy white adipocytes and obesity. Finally, the article emphasizes the importance of enhancing mitochondrial quantity and quality as a therapeutic avenue to correct mitochondrial dysfunction, promote white adipocyte browning, and ultimately improve obesity and its associated metabolic diseases. © 2024 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 14:5581-5640, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":10573,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Physiology","volume":"14 4","pages":"5581-5640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Comprehensive Physiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c230009","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHYSIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
For a long time, white adipocytes were thought to function as lipid storages due to the sizeable unilocular lipid droplet that occupies most of their space. However, recent discoveries have highlighted the critical role of white adipocytes in maintaining energy homeostasis and contributing to obesity and related metabolic diseases. These physiological and pathological functions depend heavily on the mitochondria that reside in white adipocytes. This article aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the recent research on the function and dysfunction of white adipocyte mitochondria. After briefly summarizing the fundamental aspects of mitochondrial biology, the article describes the protective role of functional mitochondria in white adipocyte and white adipose tissue health and various roles of dysfunctional mitochondria in unhealthy white adipocytes and obesity. Finally, the article emphasizes the importance of enhancing mitochondrial quantity and quality as a therapeutic avenue to correct mitochondrial dysfunction, promote white adipocyte browning, and ultimately improve obesity and its associated metabolic diseases. © 2024 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 14:5581-5640, 2024.
白色脂肪细胞的线粒体功能和功能障碍及其治疗意义
长期以来,人们一直认为白脂肪细胞具有储存脂质的功能,因为其大部分空间都被巨大的单细胞脂滴占据。然而,最近的发现突显了白色脂肪细胞在维持能量平衡、导致肥胖和相关代谢疾病方面的关键作用。这些生理和病理功能在很大程度上依赖于驻留在白色脂肪细胞中的线粒体。本文旨在提供有关白色脂肪细胞线粒体功能和功能障碍的最新研究综述。在简要概述线粒体生物学的基本方面后,文章介绍了功能线粒体对白脂肪细胞和白脂肪组织健康的保护作用,以及功能障碍线粒体在不健康的白脂肪细胞和肥胖症中的各种作用。最后,文章强调了提高线粒体数量和质量的重要性,这是纠正线粒体功能障碍、促进白脂肪细胞棕色化并最终改善肥胖症及其相关代谢疾病的治疗途径。© 2024 美国生理学会。Compr Physiol 14:5581-5640, 2024.
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