Toxicodynamics of cadmium in the green mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) using bioenergetic and physiological biomarkers.

IF 2.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecotoxicology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1007/s10646-024-02814-3
Kariyil Veettil Neethu, Neethu Xavier, Punnakkal Hari Praved, Naduvath Deepak Sankar, Punnathi Anilkumar Athira, Sivasankaran Bijoy Nandan, Kandussery Joseph Joseph, Shambanagouda Rudragouda Marigoudar, Krishna Venkatarama Sharma
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Abstract

This study evaluated the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) on the green mussel Perna viridis, aiming to identify toxicological endpoints and investigate its responses across physiological, bioenergetic, and biochemical parameters. The 96-hour LC50 value for Cd in P. viridis was 3.03 ± 0.12 mg L-1, with a 95% confidence interval of 2.35-3.91 mg L-1. Chronic toxicity tests revealed a No Observable Effect Concentration (NOEC), Lowest Observable Effect Concentration (LOEC), and chronic toxicity values of 0.20, 0.37, and 0.29 mg L-1, respectively. Cadmium accumulation in treated mussels increased 46- to 215-fold compared to the control group. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase levels in exposed mussels exhibited a significant increase compared to the control group. The redox index ratio, acetylcholinesterase activity, and lysosomal membrane stability decreased with increasing exposure concentrations. Levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione, glutathione reductase, lipid peroxidation, and metallothionein-like proteins increased in exposed mussels. Clearance rate, respiration rate, and excretion rate decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Protein, carbohydrate, and lipid levels decreased with increasing exposure concentration (p < 0.001). Mitochondrial electron transport system activity increased, while cellular energy allocation (p < 0.001) and scope for growth decreased in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). The significant increase in antioxidants suggests heightened oxidative stress in mussels under Cd exposure. The physiological activities of the mussels were severely affected, ultimately leading to a reduced scope for growth. The toxicological data generated in this study contribute to the development of seawater quality criteria for the metal Cd.

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利用生物能量和生理生物标志物研究绿贻贝(Perna viridis)(林奈,1758 年)体内镉的毒效学。
本研究评估了镉(Cd)对绿贻贝(Perna viridis)的毒性,旨在确定毒性终点,并调查其在生理、生物能和生化参数方面的反应。绿贻贝对镉的 96 小时半数致死浓度为 3.03 ± 0.12 毫克/升,95% 置信区间为 2.35-3.91 毫克/升。慢性毒性测试显示,无观测效应浓度 (NOEC)、最低观测效应浓度 (LOEC) 和慢性毒性值分别为 0.20、0.37 和 0.29 mg L-1。与对照组相比,处理组贻贝体内的镉累积量增加了 46 至 215 倍。与对照组相比,暴露贻贝体内的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平显著增加。氧化还原指数比、乙酰胆碱酯酶活性和溶酶体膜稳定性随着暴露浓度的增加而降低。暴露贻贝体内还原型和氧化型谷胱甘肽、谷胱甘肽还原酶、脂质过氧化物和金属硫蛋白样蛋白的水平均有所上升。清除率、呼吸率和排泄率的下降与剂量有关。蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂质含量随着接触浓度的增加而降低(p
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来源期刊
Ecotoxicology
Ecotoxicology 环境科学-毒理学
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
3.70%
发文量
107
审稿时长
4.7 months
期刊介绍: Ecotoxicology is an international journal devoted to the publication of fundamental research on the effects of toxic chemicals on populations, communities and terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. It aims to elucidate mechanisms and processes whereby chemicals exert their effects on ecosystems and the impact caused at the population or community level. The journal is not biased with respect to taxon or biome, and papers that indicate possible new approaches to regulation and control of toxic chemicals and those aiding in formulating ways of conserving threatened species are particularly welcome. Studies on individuals should demonstrate linkage to population effects in clear and quantitative ways. Laboratory studies must show a clear linkage to specific field situations. The journal includes not only original research papers but technical notes and review articles, both invited and submitted. A strong, broadly based editorial board ensures as wide an international coverage as possible.
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