Investigating Exposure and Hazards of Micro- and Nanoplastics During Pregnancy and Early Life (AURORA Project): Protocol for an Interdisciplinary Study.

IF 1.4 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES JMIR Research Protocols Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI:10.2196/63176
Amanda M Durkin, Runyu Zou, Justin M Boucher, Matthew Sp Boyles, Jeske van Boxel, Mariona Bustamante, Emily A Christopher, Payam Dadvand, Hanna M Dusza, Majorie van Duursen, Markus M Forsberg, Karen S Galea, Juliette Legler, Laurens Db Mandemaker, Florian Meirer, Jane Muncke, Tim S Nawrot, Petra Přibylová, Anna R Robuck, Nelly D Saenen, Barbara M Scholz-Böttcher, Kuanliang Shao, Martine Vrijheid, Douglas I Walker, Lisa Zimmermann, Laura M Zoutendijk, Virissa Lenters, Roel Vermeulen
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Abstract

Background: Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are emerging pollutants of concern with ubiquitous presence in global ecosystems. MNPs pose potential implications for human health; however, the health impacts of MNP exposures are not yet understood. Recent evidence suggests that MNPs can cross the placental barrier, underlying the urgent need to understand their impact on reproductive health and development.

Objective: The Actionable eUropean ROadmap for early-life health Risk Assessment of micro- and nanoplastics (AURORA) project will investigate MNP exposures and their biological and health effects during pregnancy and early life, which are critical periods due to heightened vulnerability to environmental stressors. The AURORA project will enhance exposure assessment capabilities for measuring MNPs, MNP-associated chemicals, and plastic additives in human tissues, including placenta and blood.

Methods: In this interdisciplinary project, we will advance methods for in-depth characterization and scalable chemical analytical strategies, enabling high-resolution and large-scale toxicological, exposure assessment, and epidemiological studies. The AURORA project performs observational studies to investigate determinants and health impacts of MNPs by including 800 mother-child pairs from 2 existing birth cohorts and 110 women of reproductive age from a newly established cohort. This will be complemented by toxicological studies using a tiered-testing approach and epidemiological investigations to evaluate associations between maternal and prenatal MNP exposures and health perturbations, such as placental function, immune-inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, accelerated aging, endocrine disruption, and child growth and development. The ultimate goal of the AURORA project is to create an MNP risk assessment framework and identify the remaining knowledge gaps and priorities needed to comprehensively assess the impact of MNPs on early-life health.

Results: In the first 3 years of this 5-year project (2021-2026), progress was made toward all objectives. This includes completion of recruitment and data collection for new and existing cohorts, development of analytical methodological protocols, and initiation of the toxicological tiered assessments. As of September 2024, data analysis is ongoing and results are expected to be published starting in 2025.

Conclusions: As plastic pollution increases globally, it is imperative to understand the impact of MNPs on human health, particularly during vulnerable developmental stages such as early life. The contributions of the AURORA project will inform future risk assessment.

International registered report identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/63176.

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调查孕期和生命早期接触微塑料和纳米塑料的情况及其危害(AURORA 项目):跨学科研究协议。
背景:微塑料和纳米塑料(MNPs)是新出现的令人担忧的污染物,在全球生态系统中无处不在。MNPs 对人类健康具有潜在影响;然而,人们尚未了解接触 MNP 对健康的影响。最近的证据表明,MNPs 可穿过胎盘屏障,因此迫切需要了解其对生殖健康和发育的影响:微塑料和纳米塑料早期生命健康风险评估可操作欧洲路线图(AURORA)项目将调查怀孕和早期生命期间的 MNP 暴露及其对生物和健康的影响。AURORA 项目将提高暴露评估能力,测量人体组织(包括胎盘和血液)中的 MNP、MNP 相关化学品和塑料添加剂:在这一跨学科项目中,我们将推进深入表征的方法和可扩展的化学分析策略,从而实现高分辨率和大规模的毒理学、暴露评估和流行病学研究。AURORA 项目将开展观察性研究,调查 MNPs 的决定因素和对健康的影响,研究对象包括现有 2 个出生队列中的 800 对母子和新建立队列中的 110 名育龄妇女。此外,还将采用分层测试方法进行毒理学研究,并开展流行病学调查,以评估母体和产前暴露于 MNP 与健康干扰(如胎盘功能、免疫炎症反应、氧化应激、加速衰老、内分泌紊乱以及儿童生长发育)之间的关联。AURORA 项目的最终目标是建立一个 MNP 风险评估框架,并确定全面评估 MNP 对生命早期健康影响所需的其余知识差距和优先事项:在该 5 年期项目的前 3 年(2021-2026 年),所有目标都取得了进展。这包括完成新队列和现有队列的招募和数据收集、制定分析方法协议以及启动毒理学分层评估。截至 2024 年 9 月,数据分析正在进行中,预计将于 2025 年开始公布结果:随着全球塑料污染的加剧,当务之急是了解 MNPs 对人类健康的影响,尤其是在生命早期等脆弱的发育阶段。AURORA 项目的贡献将为未来的风险评估提供参考:DERR1-10.2196/63176。
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5.90%
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