The complexity of cardiovascular risk in women. Descriptive review.

IF 1.9 Q3 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI:10.1016/j.arteri.2024.08.005
J Ildefonzo Arocha Rodulfo, Gestne Aure Fariñez
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Abstract

Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the greatest threat to the health of women and is the leading cause of death amongst women globally; however, cardiovascular disease in women remains understudied, under-recognized, underdiagnosed, and undertreated. The aim of this descriptive review is to summarize the existing problem and to identify the knowledge gaps in cardiovascular disease research, prevention, treatment, and access to care for women.

Material and methods: This is a descriptive review of the literature based on numerous articles published in peer-reviewed journals since the beginning of this century related to the spectrum of cardiovascular disease in women.

Results: There are several obstacles to improve cardiovascular disease outcomes in women. One of them is the lack of reliable, effective screening modalities since her participation in clinical trial is quite low. Other concern is the complexity of the female organism with several hormonal changes during her life and the hemodynamics stress during pregnancy. Moreover, in the last stage of their life several cardiometabolic risk factor may appear, most of them not recognized by the health team in primary care attention.

Discussion: Effective strategies are required to address inequalities in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of heart disease in women; to advance innovative solutions for early detection and oriented management; to clarify the underlying biological mechanisms that contribute to sex-specific differences in outcomes; and finally, reduce the global burden of cardiovascular disease in women.

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女性心血管风险的复杂性。描述性综述。
目标:心血管疾病(CVD)是对妇女健康的最大威胁,也是全球妇女死亡的主要原因;然而,对妇女心血管疾病的研究、认识、诊断和治疗仍然不足。这篇描述性综述的目的是总结现有问题,找出在心血管疾病研究、预防、治疗和妇女获得护理方面存在的知识差距:这是一篇描述性的文献综述,以本世纪初以来在同行评审期刊上发表的与女性心血管疾病相关的大量文章为基础:在改善女性心血管疾病治疗效果方面存在一些障碍。其中一个障碍是缺乏可靠、有效的筛查方法,因为女性参与临床试验的比例很低。另一个令人担忧的问题是女性机体的复杂性,在其一生中荷尔蒙会发生数次变化,而且在怀孕期间血液动力学会产生压力。此外,在她们生命的最后阶段,可能会出现一些心脏代谢风险因素,而其中大多数并没有被初级保健医疗团队所认识到:讨论:需要制定有效的战略,以解决妇女在诊断、治疗和预防心脏病方面的不平等问题;推进早期检测和定向管理的创新解决方案;阐明导致性别差异结果的潜在生物机制;并最终减轻全球妇女心血管疾病的负担。
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来源期刊
Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis
Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE-
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
6.20%
发文量
44
审稿时长
40 days
期刊介绍: La publicación idónea para acceder tanto a los últimos originales de investigación como a formación médica continuada sobre la arteriosclerosis y su etiología, epidemiología, fisiopatología, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Además, es la publicación oficial de la Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis.
期刊最新文献
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