COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake Among Firefighters: An Application of the Health Belief Model.

Stephanie A Hooker, Jeanette Y Ziegenfuss, Jule Muegge, Jennifer M Dinh, Erik W Zabel, Dominik Dabrowski, Ashley M Nadeau, Zeke J McKinney
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Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess COVID-19 vaccination prevalence and explore whether health beliefs were associated with vaccination among firefighters.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was distributed to Minnesota firefighters in March-April 2022. Survey questions included demographics, vaccination status, and beliefs about COVID-19 and vaccines.

Results: Of the survey respondents ( n = 974, 91% male, 89% White), 76% were fully vaccinated and 53% were boosted. Firefighters were less likely to be vaccinated if they reported more perceived barriers (OR = 0.42, P < 0.001), greater decision-making ease (OR = 0.42, P < 0.001), and greater autonomy (OR = 0.65, P = 0.04). Greater perceived benefits (OR = 2.63, P < 0.001) and social norms (OR = 2.10, P < 0.001) were associated with a greater likelihood of being vaccinated. Similar results were seen predicting booster status.

Conclusions: Firefighters had similar vaccination rates as the general population, despite high exposure risks. Health beliefs are strongly related to vaccination status.

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COVID-19 消防员的疫苗接种意愿和接种率:健康信念模型的应用。
目的评估 COVID-19 疫苗接种率,并探讨消防员的健康信念是否与疫苗接种有关:2022 年 3 月至 4 月,我们向明尼苏达州消防员发放了一份横断面在线调查问卷。调查问题包括人口统计学、疫苗接种状况以及对 COVID-19 和疫苗的看法:在调查对象(N = 974,91% 为男性,89% 为白人)中,76% 已接种全部疫苗,53% 已接种加强型疫苗。如果消防员认为接种疫苗存在更多障碍(OR = 0.42,p < .001)、更容易做出决定(OR = 0.42,p < .001)和更自主(OR = 0.65,p = .04),那么他们接种疫苗的可能性就更小。更多感知到的益处(OR = 2.63,p < .001)和社会规范(OR = 2.10,p < .001)与更有可能接种疫苗有关。结论:消防员的疫苗接种率与其他人员相似:结论:尽管暴露风险很高,但消防员的疫苗接种率与普通人群相似。健康观念与疫苗接种情况密切相关。
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