Association between cannabis use and physical activity in the United States based on legalization and health status.

IF 4.1 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Journal of cannabis research Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1186/s42238-024-00248-6
Ray M Merrill, Kendyll Ashton-Hwang, Liliana Gallegos
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Abstract

Background: Studies investigating the association between cannabis use and physical activity have had mixed results. This study provided a population-based assessment while determining how the relationship is affected by variables such as cannabis legalization status and chronic medical conditions.

Methods: Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data were used to evaluate the association between cannabis use and physical activity among adults ages 18 years and older in several states and territories of the U.S. during 2016-2022. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) measuring the relationship between physical activity in the past 30 days (yes vs. no) and cannabis use in the past 30 days (yes vs. no) based on legalization and health status were estimated using logistic regression.

Results: Physical activity increased from 73.16% in 2016 to 75.72% in 2022 (3.5% increase) and current cannabis use increased from 7.48% in 2016 to 14.71% in 2022 (96.7% increase). Current cannabis use was 6.5% higher in areas of legalized recreational cannabis (vs. not legal) and 0.7% higher in areas of legalized medical cannabis (vs. not legal). For the combined years, the OR measuring the association between cannabis use and physical activity was 1.24 (95% CI 1.10-1.41), after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, employment status, education, smoking status, weight classification, legal status, and chronic medical condition. The adjusted OR was 1.47 (95% CI 1.34-1.62) in areas with legalized recreational and medical cannabis (vs. illegal) and 1.05 (95% CI 0.98-1.12) in areas with legalized medical cannabis only (vs. illegal). Having a medical condition was significantly associated with lower prevalence of physical activity in the adjusted models (overall adjusted OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.85). However, this significantly lower odds ratio was insignificant for current cannabis users.

Conclusions: Public policy and personal health behaviors may improve with the findings that legal medical cannabis promotes greater physical activity in those experiencing chronic medical conditions and legal recreational cannabis promotes (even more so) greater physical activity in those not experiencing chronic medical conditions.

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美国基于大麻合法化和健康状况的大麻使用与体育活动之间的关系。
背景:调查大麻使用与体育锻炼之间关系的研究结果不一。本研究提供了基于人群的评估,同时确定大麻合法化状况和慢性病等变量如何影响两者之间的关系:行为风险因素监测系统(BRFSS)数据用于评估 2016-2022 年期间美国多个州和地区 18 岁及以上成年人中大麻使用与体育锻炼之间的关系。使用逻辑回归估算了根据合法化和健康状况衡量过去 30 天内体育活动(是与否)和过去 30 天内大麻使用(是与否)之间关系的调整后几率比(ORs):体育活动从 2016 年的 73.16% 增加到 2022 年的 75.72%(增加 3.5%),当前使用大麻从 2016 年的 7.48% 增加到 2022 年的 14.71%(增加 96.7%)。在娱乐大麻合法化地区(与不合法地区相比),当前大麻使用率高出 6.5%,在医用大麻合法化地区(与不合法地区相比),当前大麻使用率高出 0.7%。在对年龄、性别、种族/民族、婚姻状况、就业状况、教育程度、吸烟状况、体重分类、法律地位和慢性病状况进行调整后,衡量大麻使用与体育锻炼之间关系的OR值为1.24(95% CI 1.10-1.41)。在娱乐和医用大麻合法化地区(与非法大麻相比),调整后的 OR 值为 1.47(95% CI 1.34-1.62),在仅医用大麻合法化地区(与非法大麻相比),调整后的 OR 值为 1.05(95% CI 0.98-1.12)。在调整后的模型中,患有疾病与较低的体育锻炼流行率明显相关(总体调整 OR = 0.79,95% CI 0.73-0.85)。然而,对于目前吸食大麻的人来说,这一明显较低的几率并不明显:结论:合法医用大麻可促进慢性病患者增加体育锻炼,而合法娱乐用大麻则可促进非慢性病患者增加体育锻炼(甚至更有甚者),这些研究结果可能会改善公共政策和个人健康行为。
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