Deirdre M. O'Shea, Andrea S. Zhang, Katana Rader, Rebecca L. Shakour, Lilah Besser, James E. Galvin
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION
This study examines the role of lifestyle factors in cognitive reserve among older adults, focusing on the moderating effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status.
METHODS
Data from 157 participants aged 45 and older from the Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) were analyzed. Cognitive reserve was estimated using residual scores from Cognivue Clarity tests after accounting for brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Lifestyle factors included education, occupational attainment, physical activity, social engagement, diet, and mindfulness. Structural equation models were conducted to assess interactions.
RESULTS
Significant interactions were found between APOE ε4 status and mindfulness and social engagement on cognitive reserve, indicating stronger associations for APOE ε4 carriers.
DISCUSSION
APOE ε4 carriers may benefit more from certain lifestyle factors, potentially through stress reduction and anti-inflammatory pathways. These findings support integrating APOE ε4 genetic screening into personalized prevention strategies to enhance interventions aimed at preserving cognitive function and delaying dementia onset in at-risk populations.
Highlights
Mindfulness and social engagement have increased cognitive reserve in APOE ε4 carriers.
Study uses residual scores from Cognivue Clarity tests to estimate cognitive reserve.
APOE ε4 carriers show stronger associations with certain lifestyle factors on cognitive reserve.
Personalized interventions could enhance cognitive resilience in genetically at-risk populations.
Comprehensive assessment of multiple lifestyle factors highlights targeted intervention benefits.
期刊介绍：
Alzheimer's & Dementia is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to bridge knowledge gaps in dementia research by covering the entire spectrum, from basic science to clinical trials to social and behavioral investigations. It provides a platform for rapid communication of new findings and ideas, optimal translation of research into practical applications, increasing knowledge across diverse disciplines for early detection, diagnosis, and intervention, and identifying promising new research directions. In July 2008, Alzheimer's & Dementia was accepted for indexing by MEDLINE, recognizing its scientific merit and contribution to Alzheimer's research.
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