Historical change in associations between perceived risk, disapproval, and use of cannabis among young adults ages 19–30, 2011–2022

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Addictive behaviors Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108185

Yvonne M. Terry-McElrath, Yuk C. Pang, Megan E. Patrick

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Abstract

Background

The current study used U.S. young adult data to examine overall and age group-specific historical trends in (a) mean perceived risk and disapproval of cannabis use, and (b) risk/use and disapproval/use associations.

Methods

Data were collected from 2011 to 2022 from 16,492 respondents aged 19–30 in the national Monitoring the Future panel study. Trends in mean risk and disapproval overall and by age group (19–22, 23–26, 27–30) were modeled. Models regressing any past 30-day cannabis use on risk and disapproval controlled for sex, race/ethnicity, college education, population density, state cannabis policy, region, and year. Age group differences and historical trends in regression estimates from year-specific models were examined.

Results

From 2011 to 2022, overall mean perceived risk decreased from 3.08 (just over moderate) to 2.50 (between slight and moderate); mean disapproval decreased from 2.21 (between disapprove and strongly disapprove) to 1.66 (between don’t disapprove and disapprove). Higher risk and disapproval were independently associated with lower odds of past 30-day cannabis use overall (AORs 0.86 and 0.76, respectively); controlling for sociodemographics and state policy had virtually no impact on association strength. There were no significant age-related association differences. The risk/use association weakened from AOR 0.84 in 2011 to AOR 0.91 in 2022; the disapproval/use association remained stable (AORs 0.753 and 0.749).

Conclusions

Young adults now perceive cannabis as less risky and are less disapproving of using than they were a decade ago. Perceived risk has weakened as a cannabis use risk factor over time; disapproval has remained a stable risk factor.

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2011-2022 年 19-30 岁青壮年中感知到的风险、不赞成和吸食大麻之间关系的历史变化。

背景：本研究使用美国年轻成人数据来研究以下方面的总体趋势和特定年龄组的历史趋势：(a)大麻使用的平均感知风险和不赞成程度，以及(b)风险/使用和不赞成/使用之间的关联：从 2011 年到 2022 年，在全国 "监测未来 "小组研究中收集了 16 492 名 19-30 岁受访者的数据。对总体和各年龄组（19-22、23-26、27-30）的平均风险和不赞成趋势进行了建模。将过去 30 天内吸食大麻的任何情况与风险和不认可进行回归的模型控制了性别、种族/民族、大学教育程度、人口密度、州大麻政策、地区和年份。研究了特定年份模型回归估计的年龄组差异和历史趋势：从 2011 年到 2022 年，总体平均感知风险从 3.08（略高于中等）降至 2.50（介于轻微和中等之间）；平均不赞成风险从 2.21（介于不赞成和非常不赞成之间）降至 1.66（介于不赞成和不赞成之间）。高风险和不赞成与过去 30 天使用大麻的总体几率较低独立相关（AOR 分别为 0.86 和 0.76）；控制社会人口统计学和州政策对关联强度几乎没有影响。与年龄相关的关联差异并不明显。风险/使用关联度从 2011 年的 AOR 0.84 减弱到 2022 年的 AOR 0.91；不赞成/使用关联度保持稳定（AOR 0.753 和 0.749）：结论：与十年前相比，现在的年轻人认为吸食大麻的风险较低，不赞成吸食大麻的程度也较低。随着时间的推移，感知风险作为使用大麻风险因素的作用有所减弱；不赞成仍然是一个稳定的风险因素。

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来源期刊

Addictive behaviors 医学-药物滥用

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

4.50%

发文量

283

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Addictive Behaviors is an international peer-reviewed journal publishing high quality human research on addictive behaviors and disorders since 1975. The journal accepts submissions of full-length papers and short communications on substance-related addictions such as the abuse of alcohol, drugs and nicotine, and behavioral addictions involving gambling and technology. We primarily publish behavioral and psychosocial research but our articles span the fields of psychology, sociology, psychiatry, epidemiology, social policy, medicine, pharmacology and neuroscience. While theoretical orientations are diverse, the emphasis of the journal is primarily empirical. That is, sound experimental design combined with valid, reliable assessment and evaluation procedures are a requisite for acceptance. However, innovative and empirically oriented case studies that might encourage new lines of inquiry are accepted as well. Studies that clearly contribute to current knowledge of etiology, prevention, social policy or treatment are given priority. Scholarly commentaries on topical issues, systematic reviews, and mini reviews are encouraged. We especially welcome multimedia papers that incorporate video or audio components to better display methodology or findings. Studies can also be submitted to Addictive Behaviors? companion title, the open access journal Addictive Behaviors Reports, which has a particular interest in ''non-traditional'', innovative and empirically-oriented research such as negative/null data papers, replication studies, case reports on novel treatments, and cross-cultural research.