[Osteo-Articular Complications Of Hemoglobinosis S And C In Children Of Pediatric Age At The University Hospital Of Bobo-Dioulasso].

Abstract

Introduction: Sickle cell disease is the most common hemoglobinopathy in the world. Serious in its major form (SS), it exposes the sickle cell subject to osteoarticular complications that can be early and disabling.

Objective: The objective of this study was to contribute to a better understanding of the osteoarticular complications of hemoglobinopathy S and C in pediatric settings.

Material and method: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study, conducted over a period of 3 years, from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. Were included, children aged 0 to 15 years with hemoglobin S or C confirmed by electrophoresis and having an osteo-articular complication.

Results: The analysis focused on 42 cases including 24 boys and 18 girls. The median age was 7.5 years. Functional impotence and fever were the main clinical signs observed. Osteomyelitis was the majority diagnosis (59.6%). Hemoglobin electrophoresis found 33.3% SS hemoglobin and 21.4% SC hemoglobin. Staphylococcus aureus was the main germ isolated from the samples. Radiological lesions were multifaceted and dominated by the periosteal reaction. Management based mainly on orthopedic treatment allowed a favorable evolution in 69% of cases. The average length of hospitalization was 23.78 days.

Conclusion: Osteoarticular complications of hemoglobinopathies S and C are not exceptional. Of chronic and sometimes disabling course, their management requires a preventive approach of primary and secondary type of sickle cell disease.