A Novel Screening Tool for Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Utku Kubilay, Ozlem Yagız Agayarov, Burcu Oktay Arslan, Omer Sancaktar, Kutluhan Cevher, Zeynep Zeren Ucar, Ibrahim Cukurova
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Abstract

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition with long waiting lists for the gold standard polysomnography (PSG) test. Screening tests are essential to identify and prioritize patients with severe OSA. Current questionnaires do not accurately detect severe cases. This study aims to develop an alternative screening tool based on anthropometric and morphological characteristics to determine the severity of OSA. Methods: The study included 149 patients with sleep apnea symptoms who did not have additional diseases. The obstructive sleep apnea morphologic scale (OSAMS) was created using 5 parameters: 3 internal parameters related to the upper respiratory tract (tonsil size, oropharyngeal passage, and hypopharyngeal-laryngeal examination) and 2 external parameters (neck circumference and body mass index). Each parameter was scored, and the total scores were correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of PSG to determine the severity of OSA. Results: A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was found between AHI and OSAMS scores (rho = .491; P < .001). A grand total score >4 provided 80.3% sensitivity and 53.9% specificity to identify patients with severe OSA. OSAMS demonstrated superior results compared to existing questionnaires for OSA screening in our study group. Conclusions: OSAMS is a potential alternative to existing questionnaires to screen patients with severe OSA, offering a practical approach based on morphology during physical examinations.

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严重阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的新型筛查工具。
目的:阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)是一种普遍存在的疾病,金标准多导睡眠图(PSG)检查的等待时间很长。筛查测试对于识别和优先处理严重 OSA 患者至关重要。目前的调查问卷无法准确检测出严重病例。本研究旨在开发一种基于人体测量和形态特征的替代筛查工具,以确定 OSA 的严重程度。研究方法研究纳入了 149 名有睡眠呼吸暂停症状且无其他疾病的患者。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停形态量表(OSAMS)由 5 个参数组成:3个与上呼吸道相关的内部参数(扁桃体大小、口咽通道和下咽-喉检查)和2个外部参数(颈围和体重指数)。对每个参数进行评分,并将总分与 PSG 的呼吸暂停-低通气指数 (AHI) 相关联,以确定 OSA 的严重程度。结果:AHI 与 OSAMS 分数之间存在统计学意义上的中度正相关(rho = .491; P < .001)。总分大于 4 分可提供 80.3% 的灵敏度和 53.9% 的特异性来识别严重 OSA 患者。在我们的研究小组中,与现有的 OSA 筛查问卷相比,OSAMS 显示出更优越的结果。结论:OSAMSOSAMS 是筛查严重 OSA 患者的现有问卷调查的潜在替代方案,它提供了一种基于体检形态学的实用方法。
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